藜麦在北京地区适应性的初步研究
Primary study on the adaptability of Quinoa in Beijing

为探究藜麦在北京地区的适应性及其适宜播期范围，利用引进的藜麦种植材料设置不同地域适应性观察和不同播期试验，进行农艺性状、干物质积累及其产量表现的评价。结果表明，2年不同试验点藜麦均正常成熟：2014年产量为1 764.7 kg/hm2；2015年3个试验点平均产量为1 880.1 kg/hm2，其中房山大安山获得最高产量为2 235.2 kg/hm2。不同播期藜麦生育期在117~127 d，株高在185.1~197.5 cm，茎粗在19.8~24.8 mm，单株主茎一级分枝数在20~27个，产量1 363.78~2 029.26 kg/hm2，单株粒重27.86~33.20 g/株，千粒重2.29~2.70 g。综上结果，藜麦适宜在北京地区种植，尤其在房山大安山气候冷凉、昼夜温差大的地区表现较好；其适宜播期在4月底。
To explore the adaptability and optimum sowing date of Quinoa in Beijing region,three sowing sites and four sowing dates were set in field experiment to investigate agronomic traits,dry matter accumulation,and yield performance of different materials.The results showed that Quinoa could reach maturity in 2014 and 2015.In 2014,the yield was 1 764.7 kg/hm2;In 2015,the average yield was 1 880.1 kg/hm2 of three experimental sites and the highest yield was 2 235.2 kg/hm2 in Daanshan,Fangshan.The rowing period ranged from 117 to 127 days in different sowing dates,plant height ranged from 185.1 to 197.5 cm,stem diameter ranged from 19.8 to 24.8mm,and first branch ranged from 20 to 27.Among different sowing dates,the yield of Quinoa ranged from 1 363.78 to 2 029.26 kg/hm2, grain weight per plant ranged from 27.86 to 33.20 g,thousand grain weight (TGW) ranged from 2.29 to 2.70 g.In conclusion,Quinoa was suitable to be planted in Beijing region,especially in Daanshan,Fangshan,which has cool climate and large temperature difference between day and night.The suitable sowing date was by the end of April.These results provided guidance for Quinoa planting in Beijing region.