赤霉素处理对峰后葡萄开花期的影响及其分子机理
Effects of gibberellin treatment on flowering-time of ‘Fenghou’ grapevine and its molecular mechanisms

为探明赤霉素(GA3)对葡萄开花的作用,对 ‘峰后’葡萄进行萌芽期和开花前的赤霉素处理,测定了其对葡萄开花时间的影响。结果显示:开花前10 d用35 mg/L的赤霉素处理可以提早蜂后葡萄开花,促进花序散穗和花梗生长,并且赤霉素处理后花梗纵径中的细胞数目和细胞大小都大于对照,说明赤霉素处理之所以促进花梗伸长主要是通过细胞分裂和细胞膨大来完成的。同时赤霉素处理后雌配子体发育明显快于对照,开花前4 d小花中的VvFT、VvSOC、VvFUL和 VvAP1 基因表达高于对照,而VvFLC基因表达与对照没有差异。结果表明赤霉素促进葡萄开花是通过促进 雌配子体发育和开花前成花促进基因VvFT、VvSOC、VvFUL和 VvAP1 的表达而实现的。
To investigate the role of GA3 on grape flowering,"Fenghou" grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) was treated with GA3 in the stage of bud break and pre-bloom,respectively.Its effects on flowering-time were investigated.The results indicated that the flowering of ‘Fenghou’ grapevine,treated with 35 mg/L GA3 10 days before bloom was promoted,exhibited looser panicle of the inflorescence and longer pedicel.In addition,both the size and number of pedicel cells were increased after GA3 treatment compared to the control,which suggested that GA3 improved the pedicel elongation by enhancing the cell division and expansion.The development of female gametophyte,meanwhile,was notably faster compared to the control after GA3 treatment.The expression of VvFT,VvSOC,VvFUL and VvAP1 genes were consistently higher than in the control at 4 days before flowering,although the expression of VvFLC gene did not change significantly.The results showed that GA3 activated flowering in grapevine by promoting the development of female gametophyte and expression level of genes (VvFT、VvSOC、VvFUL、 VvAP1 ) that accelerate grape flowering before bloom.