欠发达地区农户兼业对其土地转出行为的影响——基于云南省558户农户的调查
Impact of peasants' part-time working on land transfer in less-developed areas:Evidence from 558 peasants in Yunnan Province

为研究欠发达地区农户兼业对土地转出的影响，基于云南省的调研数据，利用Logit模型和多元线性回归模型对欠发达地区农户兼业对土地转出的影响进行实证分析，并以村级平均受教育水平作为工具变量，通过IV-Probit模型和2SLS模型控制了内生性问题。结果表明：单一的认为农户兼业促进或抑制土地流转是欠妥的，事实是农户流转土地与其兼业程度有关；不同兼业类型的农户选择转出土地的概率存在显著差异，Ⅰ兼农户转出土地的概率显著低于纯农户，而Ⅱ兼农户与非农户选择转出土地的概率更高；农户转出土地面积比重与农户兼业程度呈现U型曲线关系。基于此，欠发达地区在推进农村土地流转时可以通过出台相应的引导性政策，充分发挥兼业农户内在土地转出需求的作用，促使欠发达地区广泛且分散的兼业小农自发的转出手中的土地。
In order to study the impact of peasants' part-time working on land transfer in less-developed areas.Based on a survey data of Yunnan Province,an empirical analysis is performed using Logit and multiple linear regression model.The average level of education was used as instrumental variable to control the endogeneity problem by IV-Probit and 2SLS model.The results show that:It is not proper to simply think that the part-time working behavior of peasants will promote or inhibit the land transfer.The probability is related to the degree of part-time working behavior of peasants;Peasants' land transfer has significant difference under different levels of part-time working behavior,Part-time working peasants and non-farming peasants choose to outflow their land more likely;The relationship between the ratio of the land outflow and the degree of part-time working behavior of peasants show U-shaped curve.In conclusion,during the process of promoting rural land circulation,the corresponding guiding policies could be introduced to less developed areas by giving the peasants of own initiative full play to the role in the promotion of rural land circulation and promoting the widespread and scattered part-time working peasants in less developed areas to transfer their land voluntarily.