认知风格影响归类过程中的神经活动-来自fMRI研究的证据
Does Neural Responses to Categorization Depend on Cognitive Style: An Evidence from fMRI Study

行为学研究表明归类过程中的反应具有认知风格上的不同,但未有研究明确探讨归类过程的神经活动是否也受认知风格的影响。本研究通过双重认知风格分型任务筛选出分析型和整体型被试,以探讨归类过程中二者之间是否表现出神经活动的差异。实验任务要求被试从两个待选物中选出与目标物属于同一类别的一个。同时,采用fMRI技术扫描并记录他们完成任务时的BOLD信号。结果发现,与基线任务相比,整体型和分析型个体均激活了额-枕网络的一些脑区,包括额下回、楔前叶、枕中回等,表明不同认知风格个体在任务中可能共享与工作记忆等相关的脑区。另外,与分析型个体相比,整体型个体在右额下回、右旁海马回呈现更广泛的特异性激活,提示,认知风格可以影响归类过程中的脑活动,而整体型个体大脑右半球更强烈的活动表明这一类型认知风格个体在归类时更依赖于远距离的语义联结。
Cognitive style has been found to modulate behavioral responses related to categorization. However, it is still unclear whether neural activity related to categorization is influenced by cognitive style. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether different cognitive styles, such as wholist and analytic, differ in neural activity during a categorization task. In this categorization task, wholist and analytic participants were asked to choose which alternative object matched with the target object. Blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) activation was assessed by means of the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Results showed that the categorization task activated more strongly in the frontal-occipital network (e.g., inferior frontal gyrus, precuneus and middle occipital gyrus) than did the control task, regardless of cognitive style, suggesting that wholist and analytic individuals may share certain regions related to working memory. More importantly, wholist compared to analytic participants showed greater activity in right inferior frontal gyrus and right parahippocampal gyrus. The findings indicate that cognitive style alters brain activity during categorization. In addition, the dominance of the right hemisphere for the wholist may be suggested to be related to the enhanced remote semantic connections during categorization.