亲社会自主动机对青少年幸福感及亲社会行为的影响:基本心理需要满足的中介作用
The Effect of Prosocial Autonomous Motivation on Adolescents' Well-being and Prosocial Behavior:The Mediating Role of Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction

本研究探讨了亲社会自主动机对青少年幸福感和亲社会行为的影响，并检验了基本心理需要满足的中介作用。研究1以293名青少年为研究对象，通过问卷法考察了亲社会自主动机、基本心理需要满足、幸福感和亲社会行为的关系；研究2以205名青少年为研究对象，通过实验法操纵亲社会自主动机（vs.受控动机），并考察其对基本心理需要满足、幸福感和亲社会行为的影响。研究结果表明，亲社会自主动机显著正向预测青少年的幸福感和亲社会行为，并且基本心理需要满足在亲社会自主动机对幸福感和亲社会行为的预测中都起到了中介作用；相反，亲社会受控动机则不利于青少年基本心理需要的满足，进而不能有效地提升其幸福感和亲社会行为。
Prosocial behavior was considered as a critical way to help individuals gain happiness.However,Self-determination theory suggests that the degree to which a prosocial act is autonomous predicts its effect on well-being and the maintenance of prosocial behavior.The present study combined a questionnaire survey (study 1) and an experimental design (study 2) to investigate the effect of prosocial autonomous motivation on Chinese adolescents' well-being and prosocial behavior,and also examine the mediating role of basic psychological needs satisfaction.A sample of 293 adolescents participated in study 1.They were asked to complete a questionnaire containing prosocial self-regulatory scale,basic psychological needs satisfaction scale,Chinese positive affect and negative affect scale,satisfaction with life scale,and adolescents'prosocial behavior scale.Using an experimental design,study 2 manipulated prosocial motivation (autonomous/controlled) by hypothetical scenarios,and participants were randomly assigned to either of the two groups.Two hundred and five adolescents were asked to read the scenarios related to prosocial motivation,and then completed subsequent questionnaire measuring basic psychological needs satisfaction,well-being and prosocial behavior.The results showed that prosocial autonomous motivation positively predicted adolescents' well-being and prosocial behavior.Moreover,the basic psychological needs satisfaction mediated the positive relationship between prosocial autonomous motivation and well-being,and the positive relationship between prosocial autonomous motivation and prosocial behavior.The theoretical and practical implications,as well as the limitations of the present study,were discussed.