刻板印象威胁对学习困难中学生成就动机的影响
The Effect of Stereotype Threat on Achievement Motivation of Teenagers with Learning Disability

研究探讨学习困难中学生的刻板印象威胁及其对成就动机的影响。研究1采用实验法诱发学习困难中学生的刻板印象威胁，研究表明刻板印象威胁阻碍学习困难中学生心理旋转任务表现的提高。研究2在刻板印象威胁情境中，采用问卷法测量学习困难中学生的成就动机，刻板印象威胁组被试相比于对照组的成就动机水平较低，回避失败动机较高。研究3在刻板印象威胁诱发后加入自我肯定操纵，结果发现自我肯定组被试与对照组相比成就动机水平较高，回避失败动机水平较低。
Increasing attention has been paid to the influence of stereotype threat on different groups. However, past studies are limited. Built on previous research, the present study aims to explore the association between stereotype threat of learning disabled teenagers and their achiecement motivation. In Study 1, a two-step mental rotation task combining mental rotation trials and negative stereotype sentences was conducted. In Study 2, after inducing stereotype threat, Achievement Motivation Scale was used for measuring participants' motivation. In Study 3, self-affirmation was ased to reduce effects of stereotype threat. The results indicated that 1) compared with learning disabled teenagers in control group, learning disabled teenagers in stereotype threat group improved slower in mental rotation task. 2) learning disabled teenagers in stereotype threat group hold lower achievement motivation and higher avoid-failure motivation; 3) Self-affirmation lowered learning disabled teenagers' avoid-failure motivation.