行动控制在农村教师工作压力与工作倦怠中的作用:PSI理论的分析视角
The Impact of the Action Control on the Relationship between Job Stress and Job Burnout in Rural Teachers: A Perspective from the Theory of Personality Systems Interactions

采用logistic回归分析,考察了322名农村中小学教师的人口学变量和工作压力、行动控制风格、行动控制策略对其工作倦怠的风险预测能力,并借助结构方程模型进一步分析了各心理变量间的关系,从PSI理论角度诠释了倦怠形成的机制。结果发现:中专、高级职称、中高压力水平、低行动控制策略和状态导向是导致中小学教师工作倦怠的危险性因素;行动导向者的工作压力、工作倦怠及行动控制策略运用水平显著好于状态导向者;工作压力、行动控制风格对工作倦怠的直接效应显著;行动控制风格和行动控制策略在工作压力和工作倦怠间起中介作用。因此,PSI视角下的工作压力—工作倦怠模型能够更有效地解释工作倦怠的形成机制;借助PSI理论构建的干预训练,有助于预防和缓解工作倦怠。
Although amounts of theories have been raised to explain the mechanism of job burnout, they all elaborated it from the view of mental contents. Fewer researches illustrated it from a holistic perspective, but the theory of personality systems interactions combined all the mental contents as a whole. Based on an investigation of 322 rural teachers in elementary and secondary schools, this study firstly investigated the risk factors for teachers' job burnout, such as demographic variables, perception of external stress variables and personality variables by adopting logistic regression methods, and then explored the reciprocal relationships among job stress, job burnout, action control, and action control strategies with the theory of personality system interaction by using SEM. The results are as follows: logistic regression analysis showed that 12 factors were closely related to teachers' job burnout, such as technical secondary education, senior teachers, higher job stress, lower action control strategies as well as state-orientation. Moreover, compared with state-oriented teachers, action-oriented teachers suffered less job stress and job burnout, and they were more inclined to use action control strategies actively. In addition, action control and action control strategies had strong impacts on job stress and job burnout directly. And they also had intermediated effects between job stress and job burnout. The total effect was 72%. In conclusion, it could be demonstrated that if the medicates are effective, action control and control strategies are beneficial for diminishing elementary and secondary school teachers' job burnout caused by job stress. Compared with traditional single skill training, planning and constructing a special targeted training with PSI could eliminate teachers' exhausted symptom well.