成功老化内涵及影响因素分析
The Definitions and Predictors of Successful Aging

本文在Rowe和Kahn成功老化模型的基础上，结合中国文化背景，提出了生理健康、心理功能、社会参与、生活满意度的四维度成功老化模型。人口学特征、早期经历、社会互动环境、社会历史文化等被动因素，生活方式和习惯、认知活动与训练、老化态度等主动因素，都会影响老年人的成功老化。成功老化是老年人为之奋斗的目标，积极老化是通往该目标的途径。
Based on Rowe and Kahn's model of successful aging, this article proposed a four-dimension model of successful aging from the perspective of Chinese culture, which includes physiological health, mental function, engagement with life, and life satisfaction. This article also reviewed previous research on successful aging and classified the predictors into passive and proactive factors. Previous studies showed that both passive factors (i.e., demographic characteristics, early experiences, social interaction environment and social-historical-cultural environment) and proactive factors (i.e., lifestyle and habits, daily cognitive activities and training, and aging attitude) would affect the aging process of older adults. Successful aging should serve as a goal pursuit in older adults and guide older adults to age better. Positive aging is the mean or way to achieve successful aging.