尼龙66纤维/6061铝合金复合板静电植绒工艺及隔声性能
Electrostatic flocking technology and sound insulation properties of nylon 66 fibers/aluminium alloy 6061 composite plates

为研究不同植绒工艺条件下尼龙66纤维/6061铝合金复合板的植绒性能与隔声性能, 首先, 采用静电植绒工艺将6061铝合金板与尼龙66纤维复合, 制成隔音复合板;然后, 研究了植绒时间、植绒电压、极板间距以及胶黏剂涂覆量等工艺参数对植绒面密度和植绒纤维耐磨性能的影响;最后, 利用混响室-消声室法研究了尼龙66纤维/6061铝合金复合板在不同入射声频下和不同纤维结构参数时的隔声性能.结果表明:在0~40 s植绒时间范围内, 随着植绒时间的延长, 植绒面密度持续增大, 而后保持不变;同时, 在0~90 kV电压范围内, 随着电压的增加, 植绒面密度连续增大, 而后因极板间距不同植绒面密度增大或减小;植绒纤维的耐磨性能随胶黏剂涂覆量的增加而提高, 但当涂覆量超过155 g/m2后会产生气泡;当植绒时间为40 s、植绒电压为90 kV、极板间距为11.5 cm且胶黏剂涂覆量为155 g/m2时, 尼龙66纤维/6061铝合金复合板的性能最好.该复合板具有较高的中高频隔声性能, 隔声量在500~1 600 Hz频率范围内满足6 dB/倍频程规律;在2 000 Hz后出现吻合效应.提高植绒面密度以及减小尼龙66纤维直径均可增大该尼龙66纤维/6061铝合金复合板的隔声量.研究结论可为建筑用新型隔音复合材料的开发与应用奠定基础. In order to investigate the flocking performances and sound insulating properties of nylon 66 fibers/aluminium alloy 6061 composite plates under different flocking technology conditions, aluminium alloy 6061 plates and nylon 66 fibers were composited to prepare the sound insulation composite plates by electrostatic flocking technology. Then, the effects of processing parameters such as flocking time, flocking voltage, plate distance and adhesive coating amount et al on flocking areal density and wearability of flocking fibers were investigated. Finally, the sound insulation properties of nylon 66 fibers/aluminium alloy 6061 composite plates under different frequencies of incoming audio and with different structural parameters of fibers were investigated by reverberation-anechoic chamber method. The results show that in the flocking time range of 0-40 s, the flocking areal density increases continuously with the flocking time increasing and then remains unchanged. While in the voltage range of 0-90 kV, with the increasing of voltage, flocking areal density increases continuously and then increases or decreases for the difference of plate distance. Wearability of flocking fibers increases with the increasing of adhesive coating amount, but after the coating amount surpasses 155 g/m2, the gas bubbles generate. When the flocking time is 40 s, flocking voltage is 90 kV, plate distance is 11.5 cm and adhesive coating amount is 155 g/m2, the nylon 66 fibers/aluminium alloy 6061 composite plates have the best properties. The composite plates have preferable sound insulating properties at medium and high frequencies, sound reduction index goes with the rule of 6 dB/octave within the frequency range of 500-1 600 Hz, and the tally effect occurs after 2 000 Hz. The sound reduction index of the nylon 66 fibers/aluminium alloy 6061 composite plates can be enhanced by increasing the flocking areal density and decreasing the nylon 66 fiber diameter. The research conclusions can lay the foundation for the