超低温用紫外光快速固化丙烯酸酯树脂体系的制备及性能
Preparation and properties of rapid ultra violet-curable acrylate systems used at ultra-low temperature

在丙烯酸酯体系中加入填料酚酞基聚芳醚酮（PEKC），通过紫外光（UV）固化交联制备出可快速固化且耐超低温（液氮）的PEKC/丙烯酸酯体系，通过考察PEKC/丙烯酸酯体系的凝胶率及固化收缩率，确定了其在UV固化下的交联程度及固化收缩状况；通过动态热机械分析表征了PEKC/丙烯酸酯体系的线性热膨胀系数（α），研究了其在温度变化下的尺寸稳定性；测试并比较了PEKC/丙烯酸酯体系在超低温及室温下的剪切强度，表征了其耐超低温性能。结果表明，PEKC与丙烯酸酯质量比为0~4%的PEKC/丙烯酸酯体系可以实现快速固化，固化5 s后树脂的凝胶率可达80%以上。随着PEKC/丙烯酸酯中PEKC质量比从0增加到4%，固化后PEKC/丙烯酸酯体系在-150~50℃温度范围的线性热膨胀系数由6.71×10-5℃-1降低至5.29×10-5℃-1，体收缩率由25.61%降低至6.24%，线收缩率由1.78%降低至0.41%，而其断裂延伸率逐渐提高，韧性增强。研究发现，PEKC/丙烯酸酯复配体系的室温拉伸强度都在20 MPa以上，PEKC与丙烯酸酯质量比为3%的PEKC/丙烯酸酯体系铝-玻璃搭接在室温和液氮温度下的拉伸剪切强度分别可达17.48 MPa和17.23 MPa。 Rapid ultra violet (UV)-curable acrylate resin system used at ultra-low temperature (liquid nitrogen) were prepared by using polyetherketone cardo (PEKC) as the filler, and their curing behavior and tolerance of liquid nitrogen temperature were studied. The gel fraction and curing shrinkage of PEKC/acrylate resin system were measured; then the coefficient of linear thermal expansion (α) of the cured PEKC/acrylate resin systems was characterized by DMA to determine its dimensional stability as the temperature varied from -150 to 50℃; finally, the tensile properties and lap shear strengths at room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature were also investigated and analyzed to confirm their ultra-low temperature tolerance. The results indicate that, PEKC/acrylate resin systems with 0-4% (mass ratio to the acrylate resin) PEKC content can be efficiently rapidly cured in 5 s as the gel fraction reaches more than 80%. When the mass ratio of PEKC to acrylate resin systems increases from 0 to 4%, the α of PEKC/acrylate resin systems decreases from 6.71×10-5℃-1 to 5.29×10-5℃-1 with decreasing the volume shrinkage from 25.61% to 6.24% and the linear shrinkage from 1.78% to 0.41%. Additionally, the toughness of the PEKC/acrylate resin systems increases as the elongation at break of the acrylate resin systems gradually increases, and the tensile strength of PEKC/acrylate resin systems is more than 20 MPa. The lap shear strength of PEKC/acrylate resin system with 3% (mass ratio to the acrylate resin system) PEKC content at room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature are 17.48 MPa and 17.23 MPa, respectively. 国家自然科学基金（51773006）