雷电流组合波形下碳纤维/环氧树脂基复合材料层压板雷击损伤试验
Lightning strike damage test research for carbon fiber/epoxy resin matrix composite laminates when subjected to combined lightning current waveforms

为了评估碳纤维/环氧树脂基复合材料位于不同飞机雷击分区下的雷击损伤程度及损伤特征，采用A+B、D+B+C和A+B+C+D 3种不同的雷电流波形组合，对两类不同尺寸复合材料层压板试验件（Type1和Type2）进行了模拟雷电流冲击试验，通过目视损伤观察和超声损伤扫描，分析评估了复合材料位于飞机1A区、2A区及1B区时的雷击损伤程度及特征，同时还对含铜网防护碳纤维/环氧树脂基复合材料层压板在不同雷击分区下的雷击防护效果进行了评估。结果表明：不同雷击分区下，碳纤维/环氧树脂基复合材料在雷电流作用下的损伤模式基本一致，包括纤维断裂、基体烧蚀及分层损伤；对于相同类型试验件，1B区对应雷击损伤程度最严重，其次为2A区，1A区损伤程度最小；在相同雷击分区下，长宽比较小的Type1型试验件雷击损伤程度大于长宽比较大的Type2型试验件；0.25 mm厚铜网能够有效对碳纤维/环氧树脂基复合材料进行雷击防护，位于1A区、2A区及1B区的含防护与无防护Type2型试件，前者雷击损伤程度较后者分别下降88.9%、53.9%和68.7%。 In order to evaluate the lighting strike damage degree and characteristics of the carbon fiber/epoxy resin matrix composite material under different aircraft lighting strike zones, three different lighting current combined waveforms (A+B, D+B+C and A+B+C+D) were used to simulate lighting strike experimental research on two kinds of composite specimens with different sizes(Type1 and Type2).Damage was assessed using visual inspection and ultrasonic testing to analyze and evaluate the lighting strike damage degree and characteristics of the composite material on the plane 1A, 2A and 1B lighting zone. Meanwhile, the damage resistance characteristics of the carbon fiber/epoxy resin matrix composite specimens with copper wire mesh were compared to the benchmark values of unprotected specimens under different lighting strike zones. The results show that under different lighting strike zones, the damage modes of the carbon fiber/epoxy resin matrix composite materials caused by lighting current are basically the same, including fiber fracture, matrix ablation and delamination. For the same type of test specimens, most severe lighting damage is in the 1B lighting zone followed by 2A lighting zone, and 1A lighting zone has the least degree of damage. Type1 test specimens with small length-width radio have the less damage degree than the ones with large length-width radio under the same lighting strike zones. 0.25 mm copper wire mesh can effectively protect the carbon fiber/epoxy resin matrix composite material. Type2 protected test specimens have 88.9%, 53.9% and 68.7% damage degree compared to the unprotected ones, which are located in 1A, 2A and 1B lighting zones. 国家自然科学基金（51477132）