基于锥形量热法的典型碳纤维/环氧复合材料燃烧特性
Combustion characteristics of typical carbon fiber/epoxy composites based on the method of CONE

采用锥形量热仪实验研究环氧树脂基体、T300碳纤维/环氧复合材料及T300碳纤维/环氧-泡沫层合板（上下层为T300碳纤维/环氧复合材料，中间层为4 mm厚的Divinycell H60泡沫芯材）在不同火灾环境下的燃烧性能。对比分析其点燃时间、热释放速率、总烟气释放量和CO生成速率等燃烧特性参数的变化规律。利用SEM测试T300碳纤维/环氧复合材料燃烧前、后表面形貌图像和环氧树脂基体和T300碳纤维/环氧复合材料燃烧形成炭层的形貌图像，分析碳纤维在碳纤维/环氧复合材料热解、燃烧过程中的影响作用。结果表明，随热辐射强度的增加，三种实验样品的平均点燃时间均缩短，热释放速率峰值和300 s内热释放速率均值均增大，峰值出现时间提前，燃烧后残余率均降低。碳纤维对环氧树脂热解和燃烧起到抑制作用，其点燃、放热及达到热释放速率峰值的时间延后，T300碳纤维/环氧-泡沫层合板中泡沫芯材的燃点较低，使其平均点燃时间、热释放速率峰值出现时间及CO开始释放时间提前。T300碳纤维/环氧复合材料和T300碳纤维/环氧-泡沫层合板燃烧后均出现明显的分层现象，力学性能丧失，整体结构被破坏。碳纤维的存在能够有效抑制碳纤维/环氧复合材料的热解及燃烧，并能有效抑制在燃烧过程中产生融滴、喷溅和大量黑烟。 Combustion characteristics of epoxy resin matrix of T300 carbon fiber/epoxy composite and T300 carbon fiber/epoxy composite-foam laminate(there are a layer of T300 carbon fiber/epoxy composite in the upper and lower parts and a layer of 4 mm thick H60 Divinycell foam core material in the middle part) were experimentally investigated under different fire conditions using cone calorimeter. The change law of the combustion characteristic parameters of the ignition time, heat release rate, total smoke release quantity and CO generation rate were analyzed. The morphology images of T300 carbon fiber/epoxy composite before and after combustion, and the carbon layer morphology image of epoxy resin matrix and T300 carbon fiber/epoxy composite after combustion were observed by SEM. The influence of carbon fiber on pyrolysis and combustion of carbon fiber/epoxy composite was analyzed. The results show that the mean ignition time is shortened, the peak and first 300 s average of heat release rate are increased, the peak time is in advanced, and the residual percentage after burning is decreased with the increase in radiation heat flux. The ignition time, heat release and peak time of heat release rates of T300 carbon fiber/epoxy composite are delayed because of the inhibiting effect of the carbon fiber on pyrolysis and combustion of epoxy resin matrix. The ignition time, peak time of heat release rates and CO release time of T300 carbon fiber/epoxy composite-foam laminate are in advanced due to the low ignite of the foam core material.There ware obvious stratification phenomenon on T300 epoxy resin/carbon fiber composite and T300 carbon fiber/epoxy composite-foam laminate after burning, which results in the mechanical properties lose and the overall structure being destroyed. Carbon fiber has the inhibition effects on the pyrolysis and combustion of composites and the inhibition of the droplet, splashing and a lot of smoke generation in the combustion process. 辽宁省科学事业公益研究基金（GY2014-C-005）；辽宁省自然科学基金（201602567）；辽宁省教育厅科学研究项目（L201625）