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- 2018
深度混炼对纳米SiO2/低密度聚乙烯复合材料分散性与直流电性能影响
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Abstract:
利用同向平行双螺杆挤出机对纳米SiO2/低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）复合材料进行深度混炼，采用SEM、直流击穿强度试验及变温空间电荷试验研究了该工艺对纳米SiO2/LDPE复合体系中纳米SiO2颗粒分散性、直流击穿强度和空间电荷特性的影响，综合评估了纳米SiO2颗粒分散性改善和纳米SiO2/LDPE复合材料熔融状态下机械剪切降解对电性能的影响。结果表明，随着混炼次数的增加，纳米SiO2颗粒在LDPE中分散的更加均匀；深度混炼与单次混炼相比，SiO2/低密度聚乙烯复合材料直流击穿强度上升，室温下达到433.1 kV/mm；随着混炼次数的增加，SiO2/低密度聚乙烯复合材料低温时抑制空间电荷能力变强，但60℃以上高温时抑制能力变差。混炼次数的增加改善了纳米SiO2颗粒的分散性，使其与LDPE基体的界面增多，同时，纳米SiO2颗粒还使SiO2/低密度聚乙烯复合材料的片晶厚度增大，结晶度升高，界面区和力学性能都随着分散性改善而增加和增强，两者共同促进了SiO2/低密度聚乙烯复合材料电学性能的改善。但是由于深度混炼引发了材料降解，结构缺陷的增多影响了纳米SiO2/LDPE复合材料高温区的空间电荷抑制性能。 The nano SiO2/low density polyethylene(LDPE) composites were deep mixing by a parallel twin-screw extruder, the effect of the process on the dispersion and direct current breakdown strength and space charge characteristics of nano SiO2 particles in nano SiO2/LDPE composite system were investigated by SEM, direct current breakdown strength test and variable temperature space charge test, comprehensively evaluated dispersion improvement and the effect of the mechanical shear degradation on the electrical properties of nano SiO2/LDPE composites in molten state. The results show that with the increase of mixing times, nano SiO2 particles are dispersed more uniformly in the LDPE; the direct current breakdown strength of deep mixing increases to 433.1 kV/mm at room temperature compared with single mixing; With the increase of mixing times, the ability to restrain the space charge becomes stronger at low temperature, but the inhibition ability becomes worse at high temperature above 60℃. The increase of mixing times improves the dispersion of nano SiO2 particles and increases the interface with the LDPE matrix, meanwhile, the nano SiO2 particles also increase the thickness of the lamellae of the composites, increase the crystallinity, increase the interface area and mechanical properties with the improvement of the dispersibility, both of them promote the improvement of electrical properties. However due to the degradation of material caused by deep mixing, the increase of structural defects affects the space charge suppression performance in the high temperature region of nano SiO2/LDPE composites. 国家自然科学基金（51337002）；黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划（UNPYSCT-2016162）
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