碱处理提取竹黄纤维的响应曲面优化
Study on extraction technology of bamboo fiber by response surface

采用响应曲面设计（Box-Behnken设计）优化竹纤维的提取工艺。以碱和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（JFC）渗透剂对竹片进行沸煮，并结合机械碾压提取竹黄纤维，以碱浓度为0.5%~0.7%、JFC浓度为0.1%~0.3%、沸煮时间为1.5~2.5 h为考察因素，采用响应曲面法，以竹纤维断裂强度、提取率、直径和摩擦系数为响应值，建立数学模型，获得综合性能最佳工艺。并采用扫描电镜观察不同工艺处理的竹纤维的纵向结构。结果表明：最优提取工艺为碱浓度为0.7%、JFC浓度为0.3%、沸煮时间为2.5 h，此时纤维的综合性能最佳，拉伸断裂强度为386.25 MPa，直径为191.79 μm，摩擦系数为0.206，与响应曲面预测值（断裂强度为405.08 MPa，直径为175.59 μm，摩擦系数为0.191）接近。响应曲面法优化得到的竹纤维性能较好，并能很好地预测试验结果，断裂强度与预测值偏差4.6%，摩擦系数与预测值偏差7.8%，直径与预测值偏差9.2%。SEM表明：碱处理、JFC处理和沸煮时间对纤维表面的胶质有影响，碱浓度为0.5%、JFC浓度为0.3%、沸煮时间为2.5 h时有利于竹纤维表面胶质的去除。 Bamboo fiber extraction process was optimized by response surface design (Box-Behnken).The bamboo was boiled with alkali and JFC penetrant, and the bamboo fiber was extracted by mechanical rolling. The concentration of alkali was 0.5%-0.7%, the concentration of JFC was 0.1%-0.3% and the boiling time was 1.5-2.5 h, which were taken as the factors. The response surface method was used to establish the mathematical model to obtain the best performance of the bamboo fiber with the breaking strength, extraction rate, diameter and friction coefficient of bamboo fiber. The longitudinal structure of the bamboo fibers treated with different processes was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results reveal that the optimal extraction process is 0.7% alkali, 0.3% JFC and 2.5 h boiling time. The optimum tensile strength is 386.25 MPa, the diameter is 191.79 μm and the friction coefficient is 0.206, which is close to the response surface prediction as tensile strength is 405.08 MPa, diameter is 175.59 μm and friction coefficient is 0.191.The performance of bamboo fiber optimized by response surface method is better, and the response surface can predict the test result well. The breaking strength differs from the predicted value by 4.6%, the friction coefficient differs from the predicted value by 7.8%, and the difference between the diameter and the predicted value is 9.2%. SEM reveals that the alkali treatment, JFC treatment and boiling time have an effect on the gum of the fiber. Alkali concentration of 0.5%, JFC concentration of 0.3% and boiling time of 2.5 h are conducive to the removal of bamboo fiber surface glial. 天津市科技特派员项目（16JCTPJC44900）