变构型多操纵面RLV进场着陆轨迹优化设计
Optimization design of approach and landing trajectory for variable configuration RLV with multi-control surfaces

摘要 针对变构型多操纵面可重复使用飞行器(RLV)的进场着陆问题,提出了一种进场着陆轨迹设计方法.将进场着陆轨迹分为深下滑着陆轨迹和拉平着陆轨迹;考虑了气动舵面可操纵偏转限制及深下滑拟平衡约束条件,对深下滑着陆轨迹进行了优化设计;考虑了RLV气动舵面调节余量和构型变化过程,以起落架放下时间、拉平法向过载及接地状态为约束,基于RLV动力学方程,采用轨迹推演的方法对拉平着陆轨迹进行了优化设计.深下滑着陆轨迹和拉平着陆轨迹组成完整的进场着陆轨迹,所设计的着陆轨迹综合考虑了多种约束条件,提高了着陆过程平稳性和安全性.
Abstract：To solve approach and landing problem of variable configuration reusable launch vehicle (RLV) with multi-control surfaces, a design method of approach and landing trajectory was proposed. The landing trajectory was divided into steep glide landing trajectory and flare landing trajectory. The controllable deflection limit of the aerodynamic surfaces and deep downturn quasi equilibrium equation constraints were considered and the steep glide landing trajectory optimization design was carried out. The RLV aerodynamic surface adjusting redundancy and variable configuration processes were considered, with constraint conditions of the gear down time, the flare normal overload and the grounding state, by the trajectory propagation based on the RLV dynamics equation, the optimal flare landing trajectory was designed and optimized. The steep glide landing trajectory and flare landing trajectory composed a complete approach and landing trajectory. Therefore, the designed approach and landing trajectory considered multi constraint conditions and improved the stability and safety of the landing process.