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-  2017 

资源错配、要素市场总扭曲及福利损失测算*——基于单位要素成本的生产率分解视角
MISALLOCATION,AGGREGATE DISTORTION AND WELFARE LOSS——A Perspective of TFP Decomposition Based on Unit Factor Cost

Keywords: 单位要素成本,加总生产率,资源错配,福利损失,unit factor cost,aggregate productivity growth,misallocation,welfare loss

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Abstract:

摘要 通过引入单位要素成本指标,本文对佩特兰和勒文叟汉(Petrin and Levinsohn)的生产率分解模型进行了拓展,[1]得到了一个更为准确的资源重置效应。利用2000—2007年中国规模以上制造业企业数据,经过测算显示,技术进步和要素市场总扭曲是生产率增长的主要来源;样本期间资源重置对生产率增长的平均贡献仅有324%,且日渐式微。然而资源错配造成的福利损失却依旧占制造业增加值的近2663%。这表明,在现有体制下通过市场自发调节促进要素合理配置的空间已经耗尽,经济结构呈现出一定的“固化”倾向,进一步的资源重置应来自对现有经济结构的改革,以缓解资源错配。本文最后通过测算各地区的资源重置潜力,为区域结构优化提供了一个量化参考。
Abstract: We extend productivity decomposition model of Petrin et al by introducing unit factor cost,and obtain a more accurate reallocation effectEmpirical results calculated with Chinas abovescale industrial firm data (2000—2007) suggest that,during the sample period,technical effect and aggregate distortion explain most of aggregate productivity growth,while reallocation effect only contributes 324% and comes to near zeroHowever,welfare loss from misallocation accounts for about 2663% of manufacturing value addedThese evidences indicate that its next to impossible to improve allocation depends only on market mechanism under existing system,and the economic structure seems to be unchangeable Further reallocation should come from the reform of existing economic structure,which helps alleviate misallocationFinally,we compute the potential of reallocation in each region,and thus provide a quantitative reference for the optimization of regional structure

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