夫妻职业相对地位与家庭幸福感关系研究
Couples’ Relative Occupational Position and Subjective Family Well-being

摘要 文章从家庭权力地位理论和角色冲突理论入手，利用中国人民大学北京社会建设研究院开展的北京市夫妻配对抽样调查资料来考察夫妻职业相对地位对夫妻双方幸福感的影响机制。研究结果显示，夫妻职业相对地位对家庭幸福感有着显著的影响。呈现出男性职业地位相对越高，夫妻双方幸福感越强，婆媳关系越好的趋势。从幸福感的影响机制来看，夫妻职业相对地位存在直接效应和间接效应，交互效应仅仅存在于对丈夫幸福感的影响上。妻子职业地位相对丈夫更高的家庭，夫妻双方的幸福感与其他类型家庭相比都显著更低，婆媳关系与其他类型家庭相比显著更差，妻子休闲娱乐满意度的下降和丈夫对自身工作的满意度的降低等因素都会对夫妻双方的幸福感产生负向影响。
Abstract：Using couple-paired sample survey data collected by Beijing Academy of Social Construction in Renmin University of China, the article analyzes the relationship between subjective well-being and relative occupational position of couples from the perspectives of family rights and status theory and role conflict theory. The results show that the self-identified relative occupation relative position has significant influence on family well-being. Higher relative occupation status of husband is significantly associated with higher family well-being and better intergenerational relationships. Couples’ occupational relative position has both direct and indirect effect on family well-being. Comparing with other types of families, couples in the family with wife having relatively higher occupational position are significantly less happy, and the intergenerational relationships are worse. Wife’s satisfaction on her leisure and husband’s satisfaction on his work are positively associated with their happiness.