户籍身份转化会提高农业转移人口的经济收入吗?
Income Effects of Hukou Transition of Rural Migrants in the Urban Labour Market

摘要 文章基于中国综合社会调查数据,采用最小二乘法(OLS)和倾向得分匹配法(PSM),系统考察了非农户籍身份转换对收入的影响效应。 研究结果显示:户籍身份转换确实会在一定程度上提高农业转移人口在城镇劳动力市场上的经济收入。 但进一步的研究发现,非农户籍转换带来的收入优势并非均衡分布在所有经历了“农转非”群体之中,通过竞争机制完成“农转非”的人,其在城镇劳动力市场上的竞争力不仅优于农业户籍群体,甚至高于非农户籍出身的城镇居民,而非竞争性“农转非”群体则不具备这种相对优势。 倾向得分匹配方法检验的结果再次表明,户籍身份转换可能仅是有利于潜在个体能力和资源禀赋较高的群体。 文章的政策含义是,如果要促进农业转移人口在城镇劳动力市场上的经济融合,取消农业户籍仅是迈出了重要一步,相关配套的福利制度改革将是非常重要的政策着力点。
Abstract：Drawing upon data from Chinese General Social Surveys (CGSS2012,2013),this paper investigates income effects of Hukou transition of rural migrants in the urban labour market using least square method (OLS) and Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Empirical results suggest that the conversion of household registration status does raise the income of the rural migrants in the urban labor market; however,the income advantage resulting from Hukou conversion is not evenly distributed across the people who have experienced the household registration status transition. Migrants who achieved the Hukou transition through a competition mechanism perform better than all other groups including the urban local residents. And this is further confirmed in the results of PSM. The paper concludes with discussion on the policy implications.