代际交换、责任内化还是利他主义——隔代照料对老年人养老意愿的影响
Intergenerational Exchange,Internalization of Responsibility or Altruism?The Impact of Grandchild-caring on the Elderly’s Intention for Old-age Support

摘要 文章利用2014年中国老年社会追踪调查数据，考察老年人的隔代照料行为、代际关系及其对养老意愿的影响。研究发现：第一，老年人的隔代照料行为存在选择性，与子女感情越亲近的老年人，越容易为子女照料孙辈；第二，老年人的隔代照料行为反过来也会影响老年人与子女之间的代际关系，随着照料强度的升高，老年人与子女之间的代际矛盾在扩大，但这种短期的代际矛盾并不会显著影响老年人的养老意愿；第三，隔代照料会影响老年人的养老意愿，提供高强度隔代照料的老年人更倾向于未来与子女同住，体现出代际交换与家庭责任的相互交织，而非完全的利他主义；第四，在隔代照料对老年人养老意愿的影响中，代际关系没有显著的中介作用和调节作用。
Abstract：Using data from China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey in 2014,this paper examines the elderly’s intention for old-age support,the intergenerational relationship and the effects of grandchild care.The results show that:First,there exists selectivity in the care for grandchildren.The elderly who feel closer to their children are more willing to provide care for grandchildren.Second,grandchild care also affects the relationship between the elderly and their children in turn.As the intensity of care increases,the conflicts between the elderly and their children are increasing.However,these short-term conflicts will not significantly affect the elderly’s intention for old-age support.Third,grandchild care will affect the elderly’s intention for old-age support.Compared with those who provide low-intensity care,the elderly who provide high-intensity care are more likely to live with their children in the future.This suggests that the grandchild care is more of intergenerational exchanges and family responsibilities than a completely altruistic behaviour.Finally,intergenerational relationship has no significant mediating or moderating effect on the influence of grandchild care.