人力资本、阶层地位、身份认同与 农民工永久迁移意愿
Human Capital, Class Status, Identity and Migrant Workers’Permanent Migration Intention

摘要 文章运用结构方程模型探讨人力资本、阶层地位和身份认同影响农民工永久迁移意愿 的具体路径。 研究发现,农民工永久迁移意愿较低,青年农民工的意愿高于中年农民工。 阶层地位、身份 认同对农民工永久迁移意愿具有直接的正向影响,阶层地位还通过身份认同产生间接影响。 人力资本对 农民工永久迁移意愿没有直接影响,但通过阶层地位、身份认同产生间接影响。 农民工永久迁移意愿的 影响机制存在代际差异,青年农民工的意愿同时受阶层地位和身份认同的影响,而中年农民工主要受身 份认同影响。 由此,当前新型城镇化的政策设计应注重农民工人力资本质量的提升,并积极推进农民工城市的社会文化融合,以促进农民工的向上流动和城镇身份认同,从而推动农民工的永久迁移。
Abstract：This paper explores the specific pathway linking human capital class status and social identity to migrant workers’ permanent migration intentions using a structural equation model. While migrant workers‘ permanent migration intention is generally low, young migrant workers have higher intention than the middle-aged migrant workers. Class status and identity have direct impact on the intention, while class status also has an indirect effect through identity. Human capital has no direct effect, only indirectly influencing the permanent migration intention through class status and identity. There are intergenerational differences in the mechanism of influence. The young migrant workers?? intentions are affected by both class status and social identity, whereas the middle-aged workers are only influenced by social identity. Therefore, the current policy design of new style urbanization should pay attention to improving the quality of migrant workers‘human capital, and actively promote the social and cultural integration of migrant workers, so as to promote the upward mobility and urban identity of migrant workers, which ultimately promote the permanent migration.