地震地磁场野外观测同步控制系统研制与应用
Development and Application of a Synchronous ControlSystem to Seismo-geomagnetic Field Observations

针对地震地磁野外观测的需求,开发研制了一种基于线网络的野外同步观测系统。该系统主要由接口单元、采集控制(CPU)单元、线单元、传输网络、计算机控制中心等组成。该系统操作简单,实用性强,具有远程唤醒及休眠、校时等服务功能,也可应用到地磁台阵的数据传输与同步工作中。
The application of geomagnetic measurements is mainly focused in two areas.The first is scientific research, national defense, and national economic and social development, such as mineral exploration.The second is to serve earthquake monitoring and prediction.Seismo-geomagnetic field measurements are regularly repeated measurements at several points in the field using a high-precision magnetometer.The purpose behind taking such measurements is to research the temporal change and spatial distribution of the local geomagnetic field before and after earthquakes.In the field, a survey grid or line is used for obtaining geomagnetic observations, the spatial coverage of which is generally not less than 150 km×150 km for a survey grid and not less than 200 km for a survey line.In addition, the distance between measuring points is usually 5~40 km.For the measurement of total local geomagnetic intensity using mobile observations, two survey pegs (main and vice) were installed at field observation points.These observations were synchronized with a station that records the diurnal geomagnetic variation using a specialized instrument installed under the same conditions as for high-precision magnetic measurements.The purpose of this was to reduce or eliminate short-period and diurnal variations (Sq) of the geomagnetic field.After the Xingtai Earthquake (1966), mobile seismo-geomagnetic observations were initiated.Different from global geomagnetic measurements, the observation stations were generally set in earthquake regions or around active faults.Moreover, the repeated period of measurement was relatively short, i.e., usually four times per year.However, irrespective of the form of measurement, a manual method for synchronizing the observations from the measuring stations in the field with the diurnal stations is necessary.Single independent magnetometers in the field cannot transmit data from the diurnal stations to the scene of the field observations in real time;therefore, the final data processing cannot proceed in a timely manner.Furthermore, data observed in the field and at the diurnal stations cannot be highly synchronized, which greatly affects the precision of the results and the efficiency of the fieldwork.In the current circumstances, the observation results and the report of the seismic regime are generally submitted 1~3 days after an earthquake, following which, many more days are required to obtain the