|
|
- 2018
不同共振峰分布下元音对声调感知的影响
|
Abstract:
已有研究表明元音会影响声调感知。元音音色主要由共振峰决定，因此，该文在已有研究的基础上进一步考察不同共振峰分布下元音对声调感知的影响。合成1个从低元音到高元音的元音连续统，连续统中的每一个刺激承载3个不同的声调连续统进行感知听辨实验。实验结果表明： 1）随着元音连续统内刺激的共振峰分布逐步从低元音靠近高元音，该元音也越来越倾向感知成声调连续统中调值较低的声调；2）元音对声调感知的影响和声调有关，其在阳平-上声连续统的感知中影响更大；3）元音对声调感知的影响主要体现在范畴边界，而不是范畴宽度。
Abstract：Previous studies have demonstrated the important effect of vowels on tone perception. The vowels qualities are mainly determined by formants. Existing studies were surveyed to investigate the effect of vowel formant distribution on tone perception. A continuum of vowel sounds from low to high vowels were investigated with stimuli based on three different tone continua to evaluate the tone identification. The results show that higher vowel formant distributions are more likely to be perceived as relatively low tones in the tone continuum. This effect varies with the tones with stronger effects on second and third tones. The tone perception effect is mainly reflected in the category boundary instead of the category width.
| [1] | 张劲松, 邹婷, 曹文. 中日被试阳平和上声的感知研究[J]. 汉语应用语言学研究, 2013:214-224 ZHANG J S, ZOU T, CAO W. The perception study of tone 2 and tone 3 for native Mandarin speakers and Japanese learners[J]. Research on Chinese Applied Linguistics, 2013:214-224. (in Chinese) |
| [2] | WANG S Y. Language change[J]. Annals of the New York Academy Sciences, 1976, 208(1):61-729. |
| [3] | 杨玉芳. 元音和声调知觉[J]. 心理学报, 1989, 21(1):31-36. YANG Y F. Vowel and tone perception[J]. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 1989, 21(1):31-36. (in Chinese) |
| [4] | 郑秋晨. 汉语元音对声调感知边界的影响[J]. 心理学报, 2014, 46(9):1223-1231. ZHENG Q C. The influence of vowels on tone perception[J]. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 2014, 46(9):1223-1231. (in Chinese) |
| [5] | 武波. 音质特征在汉语普通话阴平_阳平感知中的作用[D]. 上海:上海师范大学, 2015. WU B. The effect of voice quality on tone 1_tone 2 perception[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai Normal University, 2015. (in Chinese) |
| [6] | 王星, 刘亚丽. 元音差异对声调感知范畴的影响[J]. 声学技术, 2013, 32(6):221-222. WANG X, LIU Y L. The influence of different vowels to categorical perception of tones[J]. Technical Acoustics, 2013, 32(6):221-222. (in Chinese) |
| [7] | FRY D B, ABRAMSON A S, EIMAS P D, et al. The identification and discrimination of synthetic vowels[J]. Language and Speech, 1962, 5(4):171-189. |
| [8] | ZHANG H, CHEN F, YAN N, et al. The effects of tone categories on the perception of Mandarin vowels[C]//The Processing of the 10th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language. Tianjin, China:IEEE, 2016:1-5. |
| [9] | JONGMAN A, WANG Y, MOORE C B. Perception and production of Mandarin Chinese tones[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 2006. |
| [10] | OHALA J J, EUKEL B W. Explaining the intrinsic pitch of vowels[J]. Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, 1967, 60:207-215. |
| [11] | SHI B, ZHANG J L. Vowel intrinsic pitch in standard Chinese[J]. Working Papers in Linguistics, 1986, 29(1):169-190. |
| [12] | BEST C T, MORRONGIELLO B, ROBSON R. Perceptual equivalence of acoustic cues in speech and nonspeech perception[J]. Perception & Psychophysics, 1981, 29(3):191-211. |
| [13] | STEVENS K N, KLATT D H. Role of formant transitions in the voiced-voiceless distinction for stops[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1974, 55(3):653-659. |
| [14] | 王硕, MANNELL R, NEWALL P, 等. 共振峰信息在汉语声调感知中的作用[J]. 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科, 2012, 19(1):8-11. WANG S, MANNELL R, NEWALL P, et al. Role of formants in Mandarin lexical tone perception[J]. Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2012, 19(1):8-11. (in Chinese) |
| [15] | CHUANG C K, HIKI S. The acoustical features and perceptual cues for the four tones of standard Chinese[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1972, 52(1):146-146. |
| [16] | LIN M C. The pitch indicator and the pitch characteristics of tones in standard Chinese[J]. Acta Acust, 1965, 1:8-15. |
| [17] | HOWIE J M. On the domain of tone in Mandarin[J]. Phonetica, 1974, 30(3):129-148. |
| [18] | CHUANG C K, WANG S Y. Psychophysical pitch biases related to vowel quality, intensity difference, and sequential order[J]. The Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, 1978, 64(4):1004-1014. |
| [19] | FOX R A, QI Y Y. Context effects in the perception of lexical tone[J]. Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 1990, 18(2):261-284. |
| [20] | 鲍怀翘, 林茂灿. 实验语音学概要[M]. 北京:北京大学出版社, 2014. BAO H Q, LIN M C. Essentials of experimental phonetics[M]. Beijing:Peking University Press, 2014. (in Chinese) |
| [21] | 王韫佳, 李美京. 调型和调阶对阳平和上声知觉的作用[J]. 心理学报, 2010, 42(9):899-908. WANG Y J, LI M J. The effects on tone pattern and register in perception of tone 2 and tone 3 in Mandarin[J]. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 2010, 42(9):899-908. (in Chinese) |
