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- 2015
基于数值模拟的大型外浮顶储罐区定量风险评估
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Abstract:
大型外浮顶储罐储存大量易燃物质, 发生事故后极易导致灾难性后果。该文通过对88起事故案例总结分析, 确定了大型外浮顶储罐常见的事故场景。采用火灾动力学模拟(FDS) 软件对大型外浮顶储罐火灾进行数值模拟, 计算了密封圈火灾、全液面火灾和防火堤火灾条件下罐区的热辐射通量时空动态分布。引入人员脆弱性模型, 建立了基于FDS模拟的储罐区定量动态风险评估方法。分析了风速对储罐区风险分布的影响, 确定了不同风速条件下消防员灭火的安全距离, 为储罐区消防应急提供了实用的参考依据。
Abstract：Large floating roof tanks usually contain a large amount of flammable liquids which can lead to catastrophes. This study analyzes accident scenarios based on 88 large external floating roof tank accident case analyses. Fire dynamics simulator (FDS) is used to compute the heat flux distribution under a rim seal fire, a full surface fire, and a bund fire. The personal vulnerability model is then used to calculate the individual risk based on the heat fluxes. The effect of wind on the risk distribution is discussed and the safety distances for firefighters are identified. The results provide useful reference for firefighting.
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