水库移民营生资本与可持续发展模型
Livelihood resources and sustainable development of relocated people for dam construction: An institutional model

传统“以损定补”思路的局限性是造成水库移民生产生活恢复困难的主要原因之一。该文基于可持续生存框架(sustainable livelihoods framework)思想与中国国情实际, 构建水库移民营生资本与可持续发展机理模型, 表明了中国水库移民营生资本、边界条件、生存策略与可持续发展产出之间的基本逻辑和作用路径, 并通过对中国西南地区7个安置点571位移民的入户调查及结构方程建模(structural equation modeling), 验证了模型的自洽性和有效性。结果表明: 移民生存所依赖的各项资本在水库移民搬迁的初始边界条件作用下发生变化, 随着时间推移形成相应的生存策略和可持续发展产出, 并反过来对主观边界条件和营生资本形成反馈调节, 该过程将持续往复直至系统平衡。
Abstract：The limitations of the traditional compensation policy based on material losses are the main factor that prevents relocated people from recovering from resettlement. This paper constructs a model of their livelihood resources and the sustainable development costs for people based on the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework for the China context, which relates the livelihood resources, boundary conditions, survival strategies and sustainable output development. Data collected from 571 migrants from 7 relocated sites in Southwest China was used in the structural equation modeling to verify the models accuracy. The model indicates that livelihood resources change with the initial boundary condition which leads to different survival strategies and different sustainable development outputs. Then, the strategies and outputs will have a feedback effect that affects the boundary conditions and livelihood resources. The process continues until the whole system balances.