农村社会的自我保护机制——基于农村计划生育的经验研究
The Self-protection Mechanism of Rural Society——Based on the experience of Birth Planning in rural areas

本文通过计划生育案例来探讨农村社会内部的自我保护机制。生育限制政策威胁农民至少一个儿子存活的生育底线，植根于农村社会传统文化和经济福利的生育伦理为农村社会各阶层群体所接受，基于生育伦理的生育底线保护机制动员农村社会各个行动主体。去集体化、市场化、村民自治选举等制度设计为农民提供了规避生育限制政策和身体管制手术的机会；传统社会关系网络、植根于农村传统文化的生育伦理为具体农民获得村干部庇护和村民掩护提供了强大力量。在面对国家权力而坚守生育底线的抗争中，农民很少采取集体抗争的方式，而更多使用隐蔽的、个人的、自发的“弱者武器”实现生育底线。农村社会的自我保护机制存在能够避免灾难性后果。
：Abstract This paper discusses the mechanism of self-protection in rural society through Birth planning cases. Birth Planning Policy threat to the birth bottom-line of farmers that means at least a son survived, birth ethics rooted in the traditional culture and economic welfare in rural society are accepted by all the social groups, the protection mechanism of birth bottom-line based on birth ethics can mobilize each actor in the rural society. Systems such as De-collectivization reform, market-oriented reform, Villagers committee election provide the chance to avoid birth planning policy for farmers; traditional social relationship network, birth ethics provide a powerful force to obtain the protection of the village cadres and villagers for the specific farmers. In the face of national power, the farmers rarely take collective struggle, and more use of hidden, personal, spontaneous "weak weapons" to achieve the birth bottom-line. The existence of the self - protection mechanism in the rural society can avoid the destructive effect