中年父母生活感受研究——基于个人因素、亲子关系视角的实证研究
A Study of Middle-aged Parents' Life Feelings: An Empirical Research from the Perspective of Individual Factors and Parent-child Relationship Perspective

本研究以武汉、襄阳、宜昌、黄石、荆州等五地初、高中学生及家长为研究对象，通过对纵向追踪调查问卷的数据分析，探讨处于中年阶段父母的生活感受及发展变化。研究探讨了父母个人因素、青少年子女因素、亲子关系与父母中年生活感受之间的关系，并区分男女家长、结合潜在的成长模式，进行了相关路径分析。最终结果显示：首先，父母中年的生活感受在初始阶段存在着个体间的差异性，且其随后的发展变化也存在着性别上的差异；其次，研究进一步论证了母子关系可分为：“互亲爱性”、“母亲子疏型”、“母疏子亲型”和“母疏子争型”四种类型；父子关系可分为“父亲子争型”、“父疏子亲型”和“父疏子争型”三种类型；第三，研究发现家长的婚姻关系与亲子关系间存在着一定的“补偿效应”；第四，在众多影响父母中年生活感受的因素中，亲子关系类型的作用最为明显，不仅初始状态因关系类型的不同而异，且其变化状态也同样具有类型间的差异性。
： Taking Wuhan, Xiangyang, Yichang, Huangshi, Jingzhou five places, junior and high school students and their parents as research subjects, by tracking data for longitudinal analysis of the questionnaire, this study discusses changes in life experience and development stage of middle-aged par? ents. Study investigated the parents personal factors, relationship factors between teenagers and middleaged parents, and parent-child relationship between the life experience, and distinguished between male and female parents, combined with the growth potential model for the relevant path analysis. The results show first, at an initial phase there are differences between middle-aged parents, individual living experience and there are gender differences in the subsequent developments between mother and father; secondly, the study further demonstrates the mother-child relationship can be divided into four types:“mutual caring”，“caring mother distancing child”，“distancing father caring child”and“distancing father contentions child”; father-child relationship can be divided into three types：“caring father contentious child”, “distancing father caring child”and“distancing father contentious child”; thirdly, the study finds there is a certain“compensation effect”between the marital relationship and parent-child relationship; fourth, the parent-child relationship has the most obvious effect on middle-aged parents’life feelings: not only because of the initial state of the relationship varies according to different types, its change also has differences between types