社会变迁与阶级分析：理论与现实
Social Change and Class Analysis: Theory and Reality

内容提要：“阶级”是对社会不平等、社会矛盾与冲突进行分析的概念工具。经典马克思主义的阶级理论其显著特征是“敌对阶级理论”。20世纪中叶以来世界所发生的巨大变迁，使得经典马克思主义的阶级理论面对严峻挑战。现代阶级理论是适应新的社会分化和社会形态多样化的产物，远远超出了生产资料所有制和敌对阶级的范畴。阶级是社会权力的基本形式。社会是不同阶级之间争夺对资源和机会的控制权的场域。如果能够拭去附在阶级概念上的种种曲解、误解，而不是谈虎色变或因袭僵化，“阶级”概念仍然是分析权力、利益、社会不平等以及相应的社会矛盾与冲突的强有力的概念工具。
：Abstract The class is a well-recognized and handy conceptual tool to comprehend social inequality and social contradictions. Nevertheless, since the mid of the 20th century, orthodox Marxist class theory, a social conflict perspective that advocated an inevitable collision between two rival classes, has been severely challenged by the great transformation throughout the world. Derived from the ever accentuating social differentiation and increasing diversification of social structures, modern class analysis paradigm goes far beyond the scope of the ownership of Production Ownership and the tension between opposing class structures. Class remains the essential representation and fundamental form of power, with society as the arena where different classes compete for desirable social resources and life opportunities. If all sorts of misunderstanding that surround the concept of class would be wiped out and obsolete ideologies eradicated, the concept of class is still, and always, a strong tool to analyze power, interests, inequality and social contradictions