超视距管理下的“男性责任”劳动——基于o2o技术影响的外卖行业用工模式研究
Labor of “male’s responsibility” under the management beyond visual range--Based on a research of the employment model of the take-out industry influenced by o2o

本文通过田野调查，沿用“资本－劳动者－消费者”三方关系的劳动过程分析理论，基于o2o平台经济的技术维度引入，试图在已有文献梳理和深度访谈中分析互联网技术影响下外卖行业的用工模式，探讨劳动过程中资方支配和劳方抗争的新形态。研究发现：外卖行业在互联网技术影响下，不断形成弱契约性的非正式劳动关系，在超视距管理为特征的多元主体强控制下，劳动者形成“扁平化”的社会网络关系，进行着非人性化的情感劳动实践，体现了数字鸿沟的隐性特征：享受互联网红利的同时也进一步固化了二级劳动市场中劳动者的底层位置，同时,通过在劳动过程讨论中引入性别分析机制,呈现了外卖行业的男性劳动者社会结构特征的特殊性，使得该行业成为凸显“男性责任”主体性意识的职业典型。
：Based on the introduction of o2o platform, the field investigation and the analysis theory of labor process covering the tripartite relationship of “capital-laborer-consumer” are adopted to analyze the employment model of the take-out industry influenced by Internet technology and explore the new forms of employer’s control and labor struggle in the labor process with the existing literature review and in-depth interviews as a basis. There are findings in the research under the influence of Internet technology, an informal contractual labor relation is forming in the take-out industry. Under the strong control of multiple subjects characterized by the management beyond visual range, a “flattening” social network is forming among laborers who is conducting non-humanity affective labors, which embodies the implicit features of the digital divide: while enjoying the Internet benefits, it also further solidifies the lower position of laborers in the secondary labor market. At the same time, the specificity of social structure characteristics of the male laborers in the take-out industry is presented through the introduction of gender analysis mechanism in discussion of the labor process, making the industry a typical example that highlights the subjective consciousness of “male’s responsibility”