基于代谢组学研究有氧运动对高脂血症的治疗作用及其生物化学作用机制
Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Hyperlipidemia and Its Biochemical Mechanism Based on Metabolomics

摘要：目的：应用基于超高压液相色谱-质谱联用（UPLC-MS）的代谢组学平台研究有氧运动对高脂饲料诱导高脂血症的治疗效果，阐明其生物化学作用机制。方法：用高脂饲料喂饲大鼠6周，同时进行有氧运动干预。采用UPLC-MS测定正常组、模型组及有氧运动组大鼠血清，采用偏最小二乘判别分析研究对照组、模型组及有氧运动组之间的代谢物谱差异，采用Markerlynx软件鉴定生物标示物。结果：偏最小二乘判别分析结果显示鉴定的代谢产物包括9个溶血卵磷脂、6个脂肪酸、2个鞘脂和1个氨基酸。在高脂血症模型中，高脂饲料干扰了溶血卵磷脂和脂肪酸类代谢产物的正常代谢。溶血卵磷脂和脂肪酸类代谢产物是是高脂饲料诱导的高脂血症的生物标示物。有氧运动对鉴定的生物标示物存在不同程度的逆转作用，改善了异常的脂质代谢途径。结论：研究表明，UPLC-MS平台可用于观察有氧运动对高脂血症治疗的大鼠血清代谢组学变化，溶血卵磷脂和脂肪酸类代谢产物是高脂饲料诱导的高脂血症的生物标示物，溶血卵磷脂和脂肪酸的异常代谢是高脂血症的主要生物化学作用机制。有氧运动对这些生物标示物有不同程度的逆转作用，表明有氧运动对高脂血症有一定程度的治疗作用。
Abstract: Objective: This study used UPLC-MS-based metabolomics to explore the effect of aerobic exercise on high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and to illuminate their biochemical mechanism. Methods: The rats were raised by high fat diet for six weeks, and underwent aerobic exercise for six weeks. Serum from control group, model group and aerobic exercise group were determined by UPLC-MS. The difference of control group, model group and aerobic exercise group was analyzed by PLS-DA method. The metabolites were identified by Markerlynx software. Results: Seventeen metabolites including 9 lysophosphatidylcholines, 5 fatty acids, 2 sphingolipids and 1 amino acid were identified by PLS-DA method and MS data. Lysophosphatidylcholine metabolism and fatty acid metabolism were disturbed by high fat diet in the diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Metabolites of lysophosphatidylcholines and fatty acids were main biomarkers of high fat diet induced hyperlipemia. Aerobic exercise partly reversed the metabolism of these biomarkers and disorder lipid metabolism. Conclusion: UPLC-MS can be used to observe the metabolomics change of Rats’ serum after aerobic exercise. Metabolites of lysophosphatidylcholines and fatty acids are main biomarkers of high fat diet induced hyperlipemia. The abnormal metabolisms of lysophosphatidylcholines and fatty acids are the main biochemical mechanism of hyperlipemia. These biomarkers could be partly reversed and the data demonstrated that aerobic exercise had a partly therapeutic effect on diet-induced hyperlipidemia. Aerobic exercise can partly reverse the metabolism of these biomarkers, which indicated that aerobic exercise has a certain degree of therapeutic effect on hyperlipidemia