博洛尼亚进程中德国体育学科硕士研究生培养特征解析与启示
Characteristics of German Sports Science Master Degree Candidate Training in Bologna Process and Its Inspirations

摘要:德国兼具教育强国与体育强国双重身份，其单列体育学科的高等教育学科设置理念与我国颇为类似。为进一步拓宽我国硕士研究生培养的理论视野，提升人才培养质量，选取德国高等教育发展中心（CHE）体育学科评估排名前10名高校为研究对象，坚持一手资料收集，运用文献分析、数理统计、比较研究等方法从学院定位与学位设置、招生制度与研究方向设置、授课方式与考试形式、模块化课程体系、理论课与实践课的融合等5个方面详细论述了博洛尼亚进程中德国各高校体育学科硕士研究生的培养特征。结合我国当前体育学科硕士研究生培养现状从4个方面阐述了对我国的启示：1）打造学校自身特色，追求差异化培养方向；2）构建能力本位下的课程体系；3）注重课程设置与研究方向的契合；4）丰富授课与考试形式，注重语言表达能力训练。
Abstract: Germany has dual identity of both education and sport science. Its sports science setting as an independent discipline is similar to China. The purposes of this study were to further wide our theoretical vision for master degree candidate training and then improve talent education quality. Top 10 universities in the sports science discipline assessing of German Centre for Higher Education Development (CHE) were selected as objects, and their training characteristics in Bologna process from five aspects were analyzed by adhering to gather first-hand information and the methods of literature review, mathematical statistics, and comparative study, from five aspects which are college positioning and degree setting, enrollment system and research field, teaching method and examination form, modular curriculum system, and combination of theory courses and practice courses. Based on these and the present situation in China, we explained four inspirations to China. The four inspirations are: 1) building own characteristics, pursuing differentiation training direction; 2) constructing competency-based curriculum system; 3) emphasizing fitness between course design and research direction; 4) enriching teaching method and examination form, focusing on verbal ability training