基于嵌入社会视角的美国课外体育活动运行模式研究——以佐治亚州Athens-Clarke County为例
Operation Mode of Extracurricular Sports Activities in American Schools from the Perspective of Embedded Society——Taking Georgia - Clarke County as an Example

摘要：课外体育活动是实现体育教育目标的重要途径，美国正是通过课外体育活动的开展为树立学生终身体育意识奠定了坚实的基础。主要运用文献资料、实地考察、逻辑分析及ArcGIS地理信息绘图等方法和技术，基于社会嵌入理论，阐述了美国课外体育活动嵌入社会系统的路径，剖析了美国课外体育活动形成的动力机制，并从嵌入主体、嵌入客体、嵌入内容和嵌入途径等方面解构了美国课外体育活动嵌入社会的动态过程。研究发现：美国课外体育活动几乎占据整个课外活动时间，其形式多样，内容丰富，获得了社会系统的广泛支持，形成了有效的运作模式。课外体育活动已扎根社会，为学生体育兴趣的培养和习惯的养成提供了土壤，在学校与社会之间形成了良性互动，产生了入嵌或互嵌的正效果，对我国课外体育活动的开展具有参考价值。
Abstract: Extracurricular sports activities are important ways to realize the object of physical education. It is through extracurricular sports activities that the United States laid a solid foundation to set up students' lifelong sports consciousness. By using literature review, field investigation, logical analysis and ArcGIS geographic information drawing methods and techniques, based on the social embedded theory, this study expounded how the extracurricular sports activities are embedded into the social system, and analyzed the dynamic mechanism of the extracurricular sports activities. It also tried to explain the embeddedness dynamic process from the aspects of embedded subject, embedded object, embedded content, and embedded ways. The research found that the extracurricular sports activities in American elementary schools almost occupy the whole of students’ after-class time, they have various forms, rich content, wide support from social system, and have formed an effective operation model. Extracurricular sports activities have rooted in the society and provided soil for the cultivation of the students' sports interest and habits, form the benign interaction between school and society, produce the positive effect of embeddedness and mutual embeddedness; which has reference value to the development of Chinese elementary school students extracurricular sports activities