我国直辖市体育社团社会资本的现状及完善路径
Current Situation and Improvement Path of Social Capital of Sports Associations in the Centrally Administered Municipality of China

摘要：随着我国体育社团管理体制改革的不断深化，运用社会资本的能力对体育社团的健康发展至关重要。作为经济社会发展水平居于全国前列的直辖市，其体育社团在社会资本利用方面具有先天的优势，这对于全国体育社团社会资本的培育和利用具有典型的前瞻性意义。基于此，综合运用文献资料法、德尔菲法、问卷调查法等研究方法，从结构型社会资本、关系型社会资本与认知型社会资本3个维度对我国4个直辖市体育社团社会资本进行了现状分析。研究认为：在良好的国家社团政策环境下，直辖市体育社团社会资本的培育和利用呈现良好态势，但也存在一些尚待解决的问题，集中表现在体育社团社会资本的结构有待优化、质量有待提高、运作有待加强等方面。在此基础上，从体育社团的自我发展驱动、体育社团社会资本的特色培育、体育社团社会资本的有效运作等3个方面提出了不断完善我国体育社团社会资本的路径。为新形势下我国体育社团合理运用社会资本，增强自身造血能力提供参考。
Abstract: With the continuous deepening of the management system reform of sports associations in China, the ability of using social capital is very important to the healthy development of sports associations. As the economic and social development level are at forefront of the country, the sports association of centrally administered municipality has inherent advantages in the use of social capital, which has typical prospective significances on the cultivation and utilization of social capital in sports associations in China. Based on this, this paper analyzed the current situation of social capital of sports association in our 4 centrally administered municipalities from the 3 dimensions including structural social capital, relational social capital and cognitive social capital, by using the methods of literature review, Delphi and questionnaires synthetically. The main results are as follows: under the favorable environment of national association policies, the cultivation and utilization of social capital of sports association in centrally administered municipalities show good posture, but there are still some problems need to be solved, which focus on optimizing the structure, improving the quality and strengthening the operation of the social capital of sports association. On this basis, this paper put forward the way to improve the social capital of sports associations in China from 3 aspects, that is, self development of sports associations, the characteristic cultivation and effective operation of social capital of sports associations, which provides a reference for the rational use of social capital and the enhancement of hematopoietic capacity under the new situation