中国男子篮球职业联赛俱乐部成长影响因素研究
Factors Influencing Club Growth in China Men's Basketball League

摘要：中国男子篮球职业联赛（以下简称“CBA联赛”）俱乐部是一个多元主体共同参与，多个部门交互运行的复杂性系统，其成长受多种因素的影响和制约。基于企业成长理论框架下，运用文献资料调研、专家访谈、问卷调查和数理统计等方法，分析CBA联赛俱乐部成长的影响因素。旨在探寻各影响因素之间的相互关系及其作用的强弱程度。结果表明：微观层面上，俱乐部内部的后备人才、一线球员和教练员等资源禀赋和核心能力是其成长的关键因素；中观层面的CBA联赛管理体制、商务运营和裁判员职业化是重要因素；宏观层面的政治经济文化是次要因素。当前，CBA联赛俱乐部成长中的突出问题主要集中于微观和中观层面。基于此，建议：加速CBA联赛管理体制改革，让CBA公司充分行使职权，实现管办分离；成立CBA联赛裁判公司，逐步完成裁判队伍的职业化改造；重视后备球员的储备，完善培养体系，增加资金投入；立足于俱乐部的长远发展，合理引进、使用外籍球员和教练员。
Abstract: The Chinese Men's Basketball Professional League (CBA) club is a complex system of multi subject participation and multi sector interactive operation. Its growth is influenced and restricted by many factors. Based on the theory of enterprise growth, this study analyzed the influencing factors by the methods of literature review, expert interview, questionnaire investigation and mathematic statistics. This study aimed at exploring the relationship between the various factors and their strength. Conclusions: At the micro level, the resource endowments and core competencies of clubs, such as reserve talents, first-line players and coaches, are the key factors for their growth; at the meso level, CBA league management system, business operation and referee professionalization are important factors; at the macro level, politics, economy and culture are secondary factors. At present, the outstanding problems in the growth of CBA League clubs are mainly focused on the micro and meso levels. Based on these, this study suggested accelerating the reform of the CBA league management system, letting CBA company fully exercise its functions and powers, realizing the separation of management and management, setting up the CBA League referee company, gradually completing the professional transformation of the referee team, paying more attention to reserve of reserve players, improving the training system, increasing the investment of funds, and reasonably introducing foreign players and coaches based on the long-term development of the club