运动对不同性别抑郁模型小鼠海马脑区GFAP、s100β、Cx43蛋白表达水平的影响
Effect of Exercise on the Expression of GFAP, s100β and Cx43 in the Hippocampus of Depression Model Mice with Different Gender

摘要：目的：观察运动对不同性别抑郁模型小鼠行为学的影响，并从星形胶质细胞中重要蛋白表达的差异分析星形胶质细胞在运动抗抑郁中的作用。方法：雄、雌各40只小鼠根据体重半随机平均分为对照组（Control，Con）和运动组（Exercise，Exe）。小鼠转轮运动28 d后，对照组和运动组按照体重平均分为无电击组（No Inescapable shock，NIS）和不可逃避电击（Inescapable shock，IS）组。采用自发活动、获得性无助、悬尾实验和强迫游泳实验，观察运动对不同性别抑郁模型小鼠行为学的影响，应用western-blotting法检测小鼠海马GFAP、s100β、Cx43蛋白表达水平。结果：1）相同性别的小鼠，其对照组与运动组之间的自发活动水平无显著性差异（P>0.05）；2）雄鼠和雌鼠对照组电击后逃避失败次数、逃避失败潜伏期均显著性增加（P<0.01、P<0.001）；雄鼠电击后运动组逃避失败次数、逃避失败潜伏期均显著低于雄鼠对照组（P<0.001）；雌鼠电击后对照组逃避失败次数、逃避失败潜伏期均显著高于雄鼠（P<0.05）；3）雄鼠和雌鼠的运动组与正常对照组相比，小鼠悬尾与强迫游泳的不动时间均显著缩短（P<0.05）；4）运动后雄鼠和雌鼠的海马GFAP、s100β、Cx43的蛋白表达水平均分别显著高于安静对照组（P<0.05~0.001），但雌、雄鼠之间均无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论：1）运动在获得性无助和行为绝望模型中均显示抗抑郁的行为学效应，相对于雌鼠，运动对于雄鼠抗抑郁效果更加明显；2）运动抗抑郁的机制可能在于运动增强星形胶质细胞的功能、加强星形胶质细胞与神经元的双向通讯。
Abstract: Objective: The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of exercise on behavior of depression model mice with different gender, and to explore the role of astrocytes in exercise antidepressant by analyzing the important proteins expression in astrocytes. Methods: Forty male and 40 female mice were divided into control group (Con) and exercise group (Exe) according to the body weight. After 28-day wheel running, mice were divided into no inescapable shock group (NIS) and inescapable shock group (IS). The effect of exercise on behavior of depression model mice with different gender was observed by locomotor activity test (LAT), tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST), and the protein expressions of GFAP, s100β and Cx43 in hippocampus were measured by Western blotting. Results: 1) There was no significant difference in the level of locomotor activity between Con and Exe group in the same gender mice (P > 0.05); 2) Escape failure (EF) and escape latency (EL) significantly increased after electric shock (ES) in male and female mice (P < 0.01, P< 0.001); compared with male mice of Con group, EF and EL significantly decreased in those of Exe group after ES (P < 0.001); EF and EL significantly were significantly higher in female mice after ES than male mice (P < 0.05); 3) compared with Con group, the duration of mice’s immobility in TST and FST were significantly shorter than that of Con group (P < 0.05); 4) compared with quiet control group, the protein expressions of GFAP, s100β and Cx43 in hippocampus of mice increased after exercise (P < 0.05-0.001), and they had no difference in male and female mice (P > 0.05). Conclusions: 1) Exercise has the effect of anti-depressive-like behaviors in learned helpless and behavioural despair model, and this effect is more