中国武术“技、艺、道”之辩
Thinking on Technology, Art and Tao of Chinese Wushu

摘要：在中西方体育文化中，就“搏斗技击”本身而能上升为艺术乃至哲学的层面，武术是中国特有的文化现象。运用文献资料等研究方法，以武术自身的发展规律和特征为研究对象，并结合哲学、艺术学基本理论，对武术发展的全貌从技、艺、道三层面进行系统阐释。研究认为：中国武术以“技”为根基，形成攻防搏斗的遁形内隐；中国武术以“艺”为演绎，表达一种艺术的展示和审美的诉求；中国武术以“道”为理想，体悟一种对“天道”的认知和“人道”的践行。通过对三层面的梳理和深究，发现技、艺、道之间存在一定关系，即化技为艺、技艺双修是中国武术技术发展的内在必然；艺通于道、艺与道合是中国武术精神境界的完美转换；道由技生、技道合一是中国武术本体发展的自由超越。
Abstract: In Chinese and western sports culture, "fight and attack" itself can rise to the level of art and philosophy; wushu is a unique cultural phenomenon in China. Taking Wushu’s own development rules and features as the research objects, combining with the basic theories of philosophy and art, this article interprets the development of Wushu from three levels of technology, art and Tao by the method of literature review. Conclusions: Taking technology as the foundation, Chinese Wushu forms implicit offensive and defensive combat; taking art as a deduction, Chinese Wushu expresses the artistic display and aesthetic pursuit and demands; taking Tao as the ideal, Chinese Wushu understands the cognition of heaven Tao and the practice of humanity. By combing and analyzing the three levels, we find that there is a certain relationship between technology, art and Tao, which are that improving technology to art, and practicing both are the inherent necessity of Chinese Wushu; combining art and Tao and harmony between them are the perfect transformation of the spiritual realm of Chinese Wushu; Tao coming from technology and sharing the same origin are the freedom transcendence of the development of Chinese Wushu