我国少数民族群众体育政策的历史演进
Historical Evolution of Mass Sports Policy to Ethnic Minorities in China

摘要：运用政策学理论，采用献资料法、访谈法等研究方法，对我国少数民族群众体育政策的演进历程、特点和存在的问题进行了梳理和分析，研究发现：新中国成立以来，中央到地方的各级人民政府出台的体育政策文件中，都包含有大量关于保护和发展少数民族群众体育政策的论述。这些政策扶持和促进了少数民族群众体育工作的开展，维护和保障了少数民族的体育权益。在新中国成立初期，体育成为党和政府融合民族关系，建立统一战线的桥梁。改革开放以后，随着中国共产党领导人的国际性视野不断加强，对民族文化内涵理解不断深化，符合时代需要的少数民族群众体育政策也不断出台，并逐渐完善。特别是21世纪以来，少数民族群众体育政策在中国社会主义和谐社会的建设实践中，不断规范化和法制化，政策体系也逐渐完善，优惠政策也更加细化和多样化。这对新时期制定我国少数民族群众体育政策和发展方针具有较强现实意义。
Abstract: Based on theory of policy science, this study used literature review and interview methods to comb evolution process and characteristic of mass sports policy to ethnic minorities in China and analyzed its root of existing problems. The findings concludes that all the documents of sports polices made by central government and local governments were included a large quantity content to protect and develop ethnic minority people sports after the establishment of People’s Republic of China. These policies supported and improved the development of ethnic minorities’ mass sports work and protect their sports rights. Sports became a bridge to inosculate nationalities relationship and build united front in the early time of People’s Republic of China. Since the reform and opening up, the mass sports policies to ethnic minorities that met with the times were put forward and perfected gradually with enlarged international view and deepen understanding to national culture. Mass sports polices to minorities has been normalized and legalized constantly and their system has also been refined with the preferential policy detailed and diversified especially in the 21th century. This study has a great realistic meaning to enact mass sports policy to ethnic minorities and its development policy in the future