女子摔跤运动员在强制“30秒”判罚时技战术特点分析
Technical and Tactical Characteristics in the Mandatory “30seconds” Penalty of Female Wrestling Athletes

摘要：为提高竞赛的观赏性和激励性，国际摔联对规则进行了不断的修改，通过对2014年世界女子摔跤锦标赛、2014年欧洲女子摔跤锦标赛的执裁经历以及对比赛录像的观看统计分析，强制30s判罚使用情况在小级别中使用比较少，中大级别使用较多，判罚使用次数与对方得分成正比； 30s判罚过程中运动员技战术选择主要以转移技术、抱腿技术、打边界战术为主,当运动员被判罚消极后不积极使用动作，从而导致自己失分，影响运动员在消极判罚中得分因素主要以技战术选择、心理、以及裁判执裁为主,分别占到了40%、30%和15%。建议教练员在训练中根据规则，重点加强运动员在消极判罚时的技战术的使用，及心理训练。
Abstract: In order to improve the viewing and motivating of competition, the rules were constantly modified by International Wrestling Association. Based on the executive experiences of 2014 World Women's wrestling championship and 2014 European women's wrestling championship, the author made a statistical analysis of watching video games. The use of mandatory 30s penalty were relatively less in small levels but more in middle and large level. The application frequency is proportional to the opponent's score. The selection of technical and tactical characteristics is mainly based on transfer technique, leg holding technique and border tactics during mandatory 30s penalty. Inactively use of action in mandatory 30s penalty resulting in their loss. The main factors that influence the score of athletes in mandatory 30s penalty are technical and tactical choice, psychology, and referee cutting, accounted for 40%, 30% and 15%, respectively. It is suggested that the coaches should focus on strengthening the psychological training and the use of the techniques and tactics characteristics in negative penalty according to the rules when training the athletes