卢梭自爱观及其对我国学校体育的启示
Rousseau’s View of Amour de soi and Its Revelation to China School Physical Education

摘要：以卢梭自爱观为研究对象，运用文献资料法剖析卢梭自爱观的本质、特征、表现形式，探讨其对我国学校体育的启示。研究目的：从卢梭自爱观的内涵入手，探究其对卢梭体育观的影响，并以此为理论视角，审视我国学校体育发展中存在的问题，提出符合人自然发展要求的建议。主要研究结论：1）自爱是人在自然状态下与生俱来的自然情感，是人类最纯洁、最简单、最本能的情感，具有纯洁性、内在性、派生性、善性，人类的自我保存和自我完善是自爱的集中体现，而体育是人类自我保存的重要手段；2）我国学校体育应当从自爱出发，按照卢梭提出的“顺应天性”和“回归自然”的原则，实现身体养护自然化、体育课程体验化、体育竞赛去功利化和课外体育活动个性化，以提高青少年身体健康水平。为研究卢梭体育思想寻求新的切入点，为审视我国学校体育发展提供了新的理论方法。
Abstract: This paper analyzed essence, characteristics, and manifestation of Rousseau’s view of amour de soi and its revelation to China school physical education by the method of literature review. The purpose of this study was to focus the connotation of Rousseau’s view of amour de soi to probe its influence to his view on sports. Then use it as a theoretical perspective to review the existing problems in the development of China school physical education and put forward some suggestions which meeting the requirements of human nature development. Main conclusions: 1) Amour de soi is a natural emotion that is born under the natural state. It is the purest, simplest, and most instinct emotion, with purity, internality, derivation, and goodness. Self-preservation and self-improvement of human is its concentrated reflection. Sports is an important means of human self-preservation; 2) China school physical education should base on amour de soi, follow the principle of “follow nature” and “return to nature” that- Rousseau put forward to realize maintaining body naturally, experience physical education curricular personally, holding non-utility sports competitions and carrying out ex-curricular sport activities personally. That will improve health level of adolescent. This study found a new breakthrough point to research Rousseau’s sports thinking and provided a new theoretical method to review development of China school physical education