体育：一种“人化物”的延展
Sports: An Extension of “Artifact”

摘要：“人化性质”“非必要性”与“追求卓越”是蕴涵在体育之中的3个重要特征。主要采用文献资料法，在巴里?艾伦的“人化物”理论的基础上对这3个特性进行哲学化的描述与定位，以哲学人类学的方法在体育史的维度上梳理在古希腊体育、中世纪体育与现代体育中“人化性质”“非必要性”与“追求卓越”这3个特性的或隐或显的历史传递，由此实现在“人化物”理论与舍勒“内驱力”理论襄助下对体育史和体育概念的重新解读，形成对体育内在价值的挖掘，并在重构与反思的基础上提出哲学人类学方法在体育史中的研究价值。
Abstract: “Artificial quality”, “non-necessity” and “pursuing excellence” are three important characters in sports. By the method of literature review, this paper described and posited the three characters by the “artifact” theory of Barry Allen, and combed history pass of the three characters in Ancient Greek, Middle Age, and modern time in history of sports dimension by the methodology of philosophical anthropology. We hope that this can re-interpret history of sports and sports definition, and dig the intrinsic value of sports by the combination of the “artifact” theory and the “vital drive” theory of Max Scheler, and point out research value of the methodology of philosophical anthropology in history of sports