我国运动鞋专利国际申请竞争情报的实证研究——以美国、德国、日本为竞争对手
International Patent Application Competitive Intelligence of China Sports Shoes: Compared with America, Germany and Japan

摘要：运用描述性统计、词频分析、Ucinet 6.0统计软件，以美国、德国、日本为竞争对手，对上述三国2002-2011年在欧洲专利局申请运动鞋专利的发展趋势、国际专利分类号、申请人及发明人进行分析。结果表明：随着运动鞋市场多样化需求的增加，我国运动鞋专利国际申请数量有较大提高，但是尚未形成“量”到“质”的转变。我国运动鞋专利研发与竞争对手的对比表现为研究领域、共生技术交叉研究范围小；职务发明比例低；企业的运动鞋专利研发团队尚未形成、专利研发的投入与产出少；对内部技术的挖掘整合及对外知识共享障碍，使得我国运动鞋专利研发同质性过高。认为加大运动鞋研发的人才培养力度、优化企业技术创新体系、构建高绩效的研发团队、加强高校及其他科研机构与企业的联合研究，是提升我国运动鞋专利国际申请竞争力的有效途径。
Abstract: This study analyzed the development trend, ICP, applicant and inventor of American, German and Japanese sports shoes patent applications which registered in European Patent Office from 2002 to 2011 by the methods of descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, and statistical software Ucinet 6. The results showed that the quantity of China sports shoes patent international application has a great improvement with the diverse need rise of the market, but still not a quality change. Compared to competitors, patent research and development of China sports shoes demonstrate small scope of symbiotic technology crossover study, low proportion of on-duty invention, no R & D department in sports shoes company, less patent research and development input and output, high homogeneity in patent research and development caused by barrier of inner technique integration and foreign information sharing. The efficient ways to improve China sports shoes patent international application are strengthening R & D talent cultivation, optimizing company technology innovation system, building a high performance R & D team, strengthening union research among universities, research institutes and companies