我国优秀48kg女子摔跤运动员孙亚楠里约奥运会赛前训练特征研究
Pre-Competition Training Characteristics of China’s Outstanding 48kg Women’s Wrestler Sun Yanan in the Rio Olympic Games

摘要：运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、数理统计法、实地跟踪法和指标测试法，对我国优秀48 kg女子摔跤运动员孙亚楠备战里约奥运会期间的训练时间、训练阶段划分、训练内容和方法、训练负荷和部分生理生化指标进行分析和研究，结果显示:1)赛前训练时间为10周，强化9周,调整1周；训练内容主要为体能和技战术，体能课77次,占46.7%，技战术课88次，占53.3%；训练方法体能主要以重复和循环训练法，技战术主要以完整训练法和模拟比赛法；负荷安排节奏性强且呈波浪型趋势；CK、BUN与血乳酸最大浓度值均表明达到了赛前理想状态。2)孙亚楠赛前第2周、第3周和第4周前半段CK和BUN数值呈现出居高不下的态势，身体仍存在疲劳，未能适应周训练强度的安排。结论:1）孙亚楠赛前训练安排较为合理，完成了赛前既定的目标与任务；2）赛前第2周、第3周和第4周前半段实际训练效果不佳，机体未能适应训练强度安排，可能与赛前训练内容中有氧和无氧训练比例的安排、赛前训练方法中有氧和无氧能力训练强度的控制有关。
Abstract: This study analyzed the training time, training stage, training content and method, training load and some physiological and biochemical indexes of China’s outstanding 48kg women’s wrestler Sun Yanan in preparation period for the Rio Olympics, by the methods of literature review, expert interview, mathematical statistics, field investigation and index test. Results: 1) The pre-competition training time was 10 weeks, including 9 weeks strengthening and 1 week adjustment; the main training contents were physical fitness training and technique and tactics training, physical fitness training courses were 77 (46.7%), and technique and tactics courses were 88 (53.3%); the main training method of physical fitness was repetitions and cycle training, the main training method of technique and tactics training was complete training and simulation training; the training load was rhythmic and wave-type; CK and BUN and the maximum concentration of blood lactic acid values showed the best state before the game. 2) The CK and BUN values of Sun Yanan were high at the second weeks and third weeks and the first half of fourth weeks before competition, which showed that the body still suffered from fatigue and failed to adapt to the intensity of weekly training. Conclusions: 1) Pre-competition training arrangement of Sun Yanan is reasonable, achieves pre-match goals and tasks; 2）the training effect at the second weeks and third weeks and the first half of fourth weeks before competition is not good, the body fails to adapt to the training arrangement, which may be related to the proportion of aerobic and anaerobic training, and the intensity control of aerobic and anaerobic training in the pre competition training