全民健身体系“特色”的民俗学思考
Folklore Thinking about Characteristics of Mass Sport System

摘要：以民俗学的视角审视“全民健身体系”发展的“中国特色”问题，进而对“全民健身体系”的民俗性特征及与民俗文化的高度契合性进行了论证。论证过程中以“转换性创造”为理论背景，民俗文献典籍为主要方法，并采用训诂学、田野经验的具体手段来转化原始材料进行论据支撑。研究得出，“全民健身体系”的特色之处应在于向民俗性的方向进行转换性创造，其“转换性创造”的具体表现在于岁时观念的时间意识，文化信仰的适度融合，方法内容的中西交融以及宣传的民俗管理理念五个向度。“全民健身”的观念本来自西方，我们的工作方向及方法自然会以“他者先进”为首选，但，如果我们在面对外部强势文化的同时还能够依然富有“文化自信”，坚持一些自己的传统，那么这一文化变迁很有可能会是文化的融合，“中西体育文化融合”的伟大命题也许在全民健身体系的“特色”建构中会有所启示。
Abstract: This paper analyzed China characteristics of mass sport system in the viewpoint of folklore, and further demonstrated its folklore characteristics and its high correspondence with folk culture. Based on transformational creation theory, this paper used folklore literature review as main method and transformed original materials by exegesis and field experience. Conclusions: Characteristics of mass sport system should make some transformational creation in the folklore direction. The transformational creation includes five aspects, which are time consciousness, proper fusion in cultural faith, the combination of Chinese and western in means and contents, and folk propaganda management. The conception of mass sport system came from western countries, so our first selection in work direction and method will be them. But this cultural change might be cultural fusion if we can keep our tradition and cultural confidence even when we face outside strong culture. The great proposition of China and Western cultural fusion may have some inspirations in characteristic construction in the mass sport system