自然速度裸足跑足底压力特征与慢跑鞋设计研究
Barefoot Plantar Pressure Characteristics of Natural Speed Run and Jogging Shoes Design

摘要：目的：以探索自然速度裸足跑单步足支撑时间与负荷结构的部位分布规律为基础，并依据功能设计2要素（位置选择与频率设置）的特征研究慢跑鞋能量回输功能设计的策略与方法。方法：研究主要利用RSscan系统对91名大学生自然速度裸足跑进行了足底压力测试。首先采用独立样本T检验、单因素方差分析与卡方构成比检验等方法分析自然速度裸足跑足支撑的时间与负荷特征, 然后利用聚类分析与判别分析对慢跑鞋设计进行了量化研究。结果：自然速度裸足跑单步支撑时间先短后长、负荷空间分布不均集中作用于后足与前足，但时间与负荷分布均无性别差异；大众慢跑鞋后跟与前掌回弹频率的类别设计具有小中大频3类确定标准，个体慢跑鞋类别选择具有确定方法。结论：1）自然速度裸足跑个体单步足支撑先快后慢、节奏鲜明，负荷集中作用于后跟与前掌，但节奏与负荷均无性别差异。2）获得了小中大频3类大众慢跑鞋频率设计标准，并给出了个体慢跑鞋类别选择标准与方法。3）提出了有利于能量回输的个性化专业慢跑鞋设计思路与策略。
Abstract: Objective:?Based on the distribution law of single-foot supporting time and load of barefoot run at natural speed, according to the two determined factors, location?selection and?frequency setting, of function design, this study discussed the methods and strategies of?the energy reinfusion?of designing jogging?shoes. Methods: Ninety-one college students were recruited in this study and their barefoot plantar pressure were tested during barefoot run at natural speed by RSscan system. Firstly,?characteristics of single-foot supporting time and load of barefoot run at natural speed were analyzed by using independent samples t-test, ANOVA and chi-square. Secondly, quantity analysis on jogging shoes design was did by cluster analysis and?discriminate analysis. Results: The single-foot supporting time was short at first and then was long, the single-foot supporting load distributed unevenly, it was focused on the front part and sole of foot, and both of time and load were no sex difference. Jogging shoes design has three different rebound frequencies of heel and forefoot, and there are methods to choose jogging shoes for individuals. Conclusions: 1) The single-foot supporting time is short at first and following is long, the rhythm is distinct; load is focused on the front part and sole of foot; there are no sex difference in time and load. 2) The design standard of jogging shoes’ three frequencies has been gained, and the methods and standard of choosing jogging shoes for individuals are pointed out. 3) This study provides energy rebound idea and strategy for designing individual jogging shoes