基于变易理论的体育教学内容分析及其设计策略
Physical Education Teaching Content and Its Design Strategy Based on Variation Theory

摘要：教学内容是体育教学过程中最具核心意义的要素之一。为进一步拓展、深化对体育教学内容及其特性的学理认识，科学有效地选择、设计和呈现体育教学内容，促进学生的有效学习，切实提高体育课的教学品质，主要运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法，在概述变易理论的基础上，重点发掘、阐释体育教学内容的变易特性及其主要类型，并提出基于变易特性的若干体育教学内容设计策略。研究结果表明：1）变易理论的深刻洞见之于体育教学内容的学理认知及其教学设计具有十分重要的认识论和方法论意义；2）体育教学内容具有一般和专项二重属性，并在其关键特征上、学生对其理解上、体育教师对其认识处理上呈现出3种重要的变易，具体又表现为预设的、实践的以及体验到的3种类型；3）重建体育教学内容观，重新审视、认识学生及其学习，选择、确定最有价值、最适切的体育教学内容及其关键特征，设计适切的变易图式，科学处理体育教学内容是帮助学生理解、掌握体育教学内容，进而促进学生更有效地学习的关键所在。
Abstract: Teaching content is one of the most important ingredients in physical education teaching. The purposes of this study were to further deepen and expand a theoretical understanding to physical education teaching content and its feature, to choose, design, and present it scientifically and effectively, to improve students’ effective learning, to enhance physical education teaching quality. This paper explained variation characteristic of physical education teaching content and its main types, and put forward some teaching content design strategies based on variation theory by the methods of literature review and logic analysis. Conclusions: 1) Profound insight of variation theory has important epistemological and methodological significance to theoretical cognition of physical education teaching content and its teaching design. 2) Physical education content has general and special double property. There are three important variations on key characteristic, student understanding, and teacher’s recognition and treatment. The three variations are preset, practice and experience types. 3) To reconstruct physical education teaching content conception, re-exam and cognize student and their learning, choose most valuable and suitable teaching content and key characteristics, design suitable variation schema, deal teaching content scientifically are the keys for students to understand and know well of teaching content and promote their more effective learning