基于竞争优势理论的我国竞技体育发展战略问题探析
Analysis on Issues of China's Competitive Sports Development Strategy Based on the Theory of Competitive Advantage

摘要：以竞争优势理论为指导，以我国竞技体育发展战略的相关问题问为研究对象，运用文献法和数理统计法进行定性分析与定量判断，旨在通过特异性的持续发展，创造优于竞争对手的高收益。研究认为：1）我国竞技体育有着不可替代的价值，但存在高成本低效益、国际体育竞技竞争和体育事业其他领域资源竞争问题，关注资源配置的效益是我国竞技体育今后发展的目标和管理的基本理念；2）以成本优势战略为指导，我国竞技体育的发展首先应该有明确的目标定位，结合我国竞技体育发展的要素水平，以22~26枚奥运金牌为我国竞技体育发展的基本目标；3）在项目选择上，以跳水、乒乓球、羽毛球、体操（含蹦床）、射击、举重柔道和跆拳道为优势发展的项目，实施歧异化发展；4）发展战略设计以优势项目和国家队等重点管理领域为工作重点，进行分类管理，合理配置国家、市场与社会资源，实现发展目标积聚。与此同时，在竞技体育投入渠道、资源分配、管理体制、“国内练兵，一致对外”竞争理念方面简要阐明了自己的观点。
Abstract: This paper made qualitative analysis and quantitative judgments on issues related to the development strategy of China's competitive sports through the guidance of competitive advantage theory, by the methods of literature review, logical analysis and mathematical statistics, and it mainly aimed at being superior to competition opponents and creating high returns through sustainable development. Conclusions: 1) China's competitive sports has irreplaceable value, but there are high costs and low efficiency issue, international athletic competition issue, and resource allocation issue. Paying attention to efficiency of resource allocation is concerned as the objective and basic management idea in future development of China's competitive sports. 2) Guided by the cost advantage strategy, the position of competitive sports development should be clearly targeted, and should set 22 to 26 Olympic gold medals as the basic goal of China's sports development by combining elements and the development level of competitive sports. 3) Diving, table tennis, badminton, gymnastics (including trampoline), shooting, weightlifting, judo, taekwondo are the prior development projects; differentiation development should be implemented. 4) Dominant events and key field management would be the focus in our work, with category management and rational allocation of country, market and society resources as well. In the meantime, the paper also briefly made points on investment in competitive sports, resource allocation, management system, the theory of "domestic training, fight against unanimously"