公民行动：英国球迷参与足球治理研究
Citizen Action: British Fans’ Participation in Football Governance

摘要：体育治理现代化的实现需要以全球眼光吸收借鉴国外体育治理有益经验，不断提升和完善体育治理能力，从而推进我国体育事业全面、协调、可持续发展。采用文献资料、专家访谈和逻辑分析等方法，以英国政府倡导的足球治理改革为基本脉络，对英国球迷参与足球治理进行研究和分析。结果显示，进入21 世纪，英国足球球迷公民意识逐渐得到复兴，球迷主动参与足球治理的意识高涨。以实现球迷参与足球治理为目的的各种社会组织蓬勃发展，依托于球迷基金会等组织，球迷部分实现了从“顾客”到“所有者”的身份转变，一定程度上达成了球迷参与足球治理的目标。英国球迷参与足球治理的成功对我国足球改革具有现实和理论意义，我国足球治理应该具有超体育、超文化和超当下的视野和魄力，充分认识和依靠球迷自下而上的发展动力。
Abstract: The realization of sports governance modernization needs to absorb successful experience of foreign sports governance by a global view, improve sports management ability continuously, so as to promote the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of China’s sport. With the methods of literature review, expert interview and logic analysis, this study analyzed the British fans’ participation in football management by taking the football governance reform advocated by the British government as the basic thread. Results: In 21st Century, the sense of civic consciousness of English football fans was gradually revived, and the fans' consciousness of active participation in football management was rising. In order to realize the football fans' participation in football governance, all kinds of social organizations have developed vigorously. Relying on the fans foundation and other organizations, the fans changed their identity from "customers" to "owners"; to a certain extent, the fans have reached the goal of participating in football governance. The success of British football fans' participation in football management is of practical and theoretical significance to the reform of football in our country. The football governance in China should have the vision and spirit of super sports, super culture and super present, fully understanding and relying on the bottom-up driving force of fans