湿热环境力竭运动后的脑电活动变化
Electroencephalographic Activity Changes After Exhausted Exercise in a Hyperpyrexia and High Humidity Environment

摘要：目的：探究湿热环境力竭运动后的脑电活动变化特点及导致其变化的可能机制。方法：17名非体育专业男性大学生在温度36.0 ℃，相对湿度60.0%的环境下以60%VO2max强度运动至力竭。运动中监测受试者的心率（HR）、核心温度（Tc）和额温（Tf），运动前后测量受试者的体重与脑电（EEG）。结果：受试者运动(29.88±4.06) min后力竭，力竭时刻的HR达(200.94±9.76) 次/min，Tc和Tf分别上升至(39.14±0.32)℃和(39.64±0.71)℃，体重丢失(623.53±536.81)g。运动后脑电波功率谱能量（SP）与运动前相比总体升高，右侧脑区升高区域多于左侧。α与β波频段内的α2与β2波的SP显著升高脑区多于α1与β1波。唤醒水平（α/β）主要在左侧脑区显著下降（P<0.05）。α波相对能量（α/(α+β)）在F3、F7、T3区显著下降（P<0.05）。相关分析发现躯体指标与脑电活动在多个脑区呈中度相关（r是0.48～0.74）。结论：湿热环境力竭运动后机体脑电活动整体升高，右侧脑区α2与β2波是潜在的运动性疲劳和运动热疾病的预测指标，机体疲劳是脑电活动与躯体指标相互作用的共同结果。
Abstract: objective: The aim of this study was to observe the changes of electroencephalogram (EEG) after exhausted exercise in a hyperpyrexia and high humidity environment, detecting the features and the possible mechanism of EEG variations. Methods: 17 non-athlete male students participated in the study. They were asked to finish an exhausted exercise at 60% VO2max in a chamber set at 36.0℃ and 60.0% relative humidity (RH). Heart rate (HR), core temperature (Tc) and forehead temperature (Tf) were recorded during exercise. Weight and EEG of subjects were measured pre- and post-exercise. Results: Subjects exhausted after 29.88±4.06 min, coinciding with the HR of 200.94±9.76/min, a Tc of 39.14±0.32℃, a Tf of 39.64±0.71℃, and a weight loss of 623.53±536.81g. Increases of spectrum power (SP)?have found in almost whole brain regions after exhausted exercise, and the right brain area increased more than the left. In the frequency band of α and β, the number of SP increased regions of α2 and β2 were more than these of α1and β1. The significant decrease of α/β had be found in the left brain regions (p<0.05), and the significant decrease of α/(α+β) could just be found in the F3, F7, T3 (p<0.05). Under the correlation analysis, we found that the physical changes had a moderate correlation with the changes of EEG in many brain regions (r=0.48～0.74). Conclusions: Brain activities increase after exhausted exercise in a hyperpyrexia and high humidity environment. Changes of α2 and β2 in right brain regions might be a potential predictor of exercise-induced fatigue and heat illness under this environment. Fatigue is the common result of interaction between EEG activity and physical changes