应对方式与运动心理疲劳的关系：两种社会支持的调节效应
Relationship Between Coping Style and Sports Psychological Fatigue: Moderating Effects of Two Types of Social Support

摘要：目的和方法：为探讨应对方式与运动心理疲劳的关系，以及2种社会支持在其中的调节效应，采用问卷对208名在役运动员进行调查。结果：集中解决问题的应对对运动员心理疲劳有显著性负向影响，回避应对和超越应对有显著性正向影响；给予更多的社会支持有利于运动员采用集中解决问题的应对和集中处理情绪应对等积极的应对方式；实际社会支持中的主观支持对回避应对和超越应对与心理疲劳的关系有显著的调节效应，经常采用回避应对和超越应对的运动员获得越多的主观支持其心理疲劳反而越高。结论：社会支持在应对方式与运动心理疲劳之间起调节效应，其中主观支持维度起主要调节效应；领悟社会支持的调节效应不显著，建议开展运动员实际支持量大小和领悟社会支持能力等方面研究。
Abstract: Objective and Methods: A questionnaire of 208 athletes had been made to find out the relationship between coping style and sports psychological fatigue and the moderating effect of two types of social support. Results: Problem-focused coping had a significantly negative effect on athletes’ sports psychological fatigue while both avoidance coping and transcendental coping had significantly positive effects. More social support helped athletes use active coping ways including problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping. Subjective support in real social support had an obvious moderating effect on the relationship between avoidance coping, transcendental coping and mental burnout. The level of sports psychological fatigue was higher for those athletes who frequently adopt avoidance coping and transcendental coping when they get more subjective support. Conclusions: Social support has moderating effect on the relationship between coping style and sports psychological fatigue, in which subjective coping has a significant moderating effect while perceived social support’s moderating effect is not obvious. Fact of support amount and perceived social support for athletes are recommended on future studies