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- 2016
乳酸/GPR81信号通路调节脂肪酸利用的研究进展
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Abstract:
摘要：乳酸常被认为是糖无氧代谢中间产物及糖和脂肪供能比例的指标，并被用于监控训练强度的重要指标。从低到中等强度运动脂肪氧化绝对比例增加，随着运动强度进一步增加，骨骼肌氧化底物由脂肪酸为主转化为以糖为主，并伴有血液中乳酸增加和游离脂肪酸（Free fat acid，FFA）降低，但是目前这一生物化学机制尚不清楚。近来研究表明，乳酸是一种重要代谢信号物质，当其在细胞内达到一定浓度时，能够抑制脂肪组织水解。文章通过在Pubmed和Highwire等网站中检索“Lactate”“Lactic acid”“Lactate shuttles”“Fatty acids”“lipolysis”“GPR81 receptor”“Adipose tissue”“exercise”“Signal molecular”“Skeletal muscle”“Maximal fat oxidation rate”和“lactate thresholds”等关键词，在中国知网中检索“乳酸”“脂肪酸”“运动”“最大脂肪氧化”和“GPR81”等关键词，共纳入文献34篇，其中英文30篇，中文4篇，文章将试图综述乳酸作为信号分子发挥作用的最新研究进展，和它参与调节运动中骨骼肌氧化底物转化的可能分子机制。为运动实践中掌握提高糖无氧代谢能力以提高速度或速度耐力，和／或加速脂肪代谢以提高耐力或掌握运动减肥的适宜运动负荷，提供生物学依据。
Abstract: Lactate is considered as the intermediate of anaerobic metabolism of carbohydrate and an index of the carbohydrate/fat, and is also used to monitor exercise intensity. The proportion of fat oxidation increases from low to moderate exercise, the primary oxidation substrate of skeletal muscle transforms from fat to carbohydrate with further increase in exercise intensity, and the serum lactate and FFA decrease. However, the mechanism is not clear. Recent studies suggest that lactic acid is an important metabolic signal substance, and can inhibit adipolysis when its concentration reaches a certain level. This study searched PubMed, Highwire and CNKI databases by the keywords of lactate, lactic acid, lactate shuttles, fatty acids, lipolysis, GPR81 receptor, adipose tissue, exercise, signal molecular, skeletal muscle, maximal fat oxidation rate and lactate thresholds, and thirty-four papers (30 in English, 4 in Chinese) were recruited. This study tried to review the role of lactic acid as a signal molecule and the possible molecular mechanisms of it regulating the oxidation substrate transform in exercise. This paper tried to provide biological foundation for improving speed or speed endurance by increasing anaerobic metabolism, and for improving endurance or mastering proper exercise load to weight loss by increasing fat metabolism
