作为概念图式的阐释共同体――对费什的文学理论的戴维森式批判
Interpretive communities as conceptual scheme: A Davidsonian critique of Fish’s literary theory

摘 要： 费什的读者反应理论攻击了新批评主义的文本中心说，同时，为了避免对他的主观主义与经验主义的指责，他提出“阐释共同体”作为其文学理论的支撑。然而，费什的阐释共同体与库恩的范式相类，乃是戴维森所批判的“概念图式”。“概念图式”的实质是概念相对主义，其基于“不可通约”或“不可翻译性”的预设，将必然导致逻辑上的不连贯。最后，戴维森的理论提供了比费什更令人满意的文学诠释策略，即建立在个体主义语言观之上的在先的理论、目前的理论以及三角关系的观点，为当前文学理论提供了新的资源。
Abstract: Fish’s theory of Reader Reception attacks the text-centered ontology of New Criticism. Meanwhile, Fish puts forward “interpretive communities” as support for his literary theory in order to avoid criticism at his subjectivism and empiricism. However, Fish’s idea of interpretive communities is similar to Kuhn’s paradigm, belonging to “conceptual scheme” as Davidson criticizes. According to Davidson’s argument, “conceptual scheme” is essentially conceptual relativism, based on the presupposition of intranslationability and incommensurability which will inevitably lead to logical incoherence. At last, Davidson’s theory provides more satisfactory literary hermeneutics strategy than Fish’s, which is based on prior theory, current theory and triangulation relation on the linguistic individualism, hence providing new resources for current literary theory